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Probing helium nano-bubble formation in tungsten with grazing incidence small angle x-ray scattering

M. Thompson, P. Kluth, R.P. Doerner, N. Kirby, C. Corr2015年被引用 34Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Helium nano-bubble formation in plasma facing materials has emerged as a major concern for the next-step fusion experiment ITER, where helium plasmas will be used during the tokamak's start-up phase. Here, we demonstrate that grazing incidence small-angle x-ray scattering is a powerful technique for the analysis of helium nano-bubble formation in tungsten. We measured helium bubbles with sizes between 1.5–2.5 nm in tungsten exposed to helium plasma at 700 °C, where a smaller number of larger bubbles were also observed. Depth distributions can be estimated by taking successive measurements across a range of x-ray incidence angles. Compared with traditional approaches in the field, such as transmission electron microscopy, this technique provides information across a much larger volume with high statistical precision, whilst also being non-destructive.

日本語訳

プラズマ対向材料におけるヘリウムナノバブルの形成は、トカマクの立ち上げ段階でヘリウムプラズマが使用される予定の次段階核融合実験ITERにとって、主要な懸念事項として浮上している。ここでは、斜入射小角X線散乱が、タングステン中のヘリウムナノバブル形成の解析に強力な手法であることを実証する。700 °Cのヘリウムプラズマに曝露したタングステン中で、1.5~2.5 nmのサイズのヘリウムバブルを測定し、そこでは、より大きなバブルも少数観察された。深さ分布は、一連のX線入射角にわたって連続的に測定を行うことで推定できる。透過型電子顕微鏡などのこの分野の従来手法と比較して、この手法は、非破壊的であると同時に、はるかに大きな体積にわたる情報を高い統計精度で提供する。

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