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Applications of laser wakefield accelerator-based light sources

Félicie Albert, Alec G R Thomas2016年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Laser-wakefield accelerators (LWFAs) were proposed more than three decades ago, and while they promise to deliver compact, high energy particle accelerators, they will also provide the scientific community with novel light sources. In a LWFA, where an intense laser pulse focused onto a plasma forms an electromagnetic wave in its wake, electrons can be trapped and are now routinely accelerated to GeV energies. From terahertz radiation to gamma-rays, this article reviews light sources from relativistic electrons produced by LWFAs, and discusses their potential applications. Betatron motion, Compton scattering and undulators respectively produce x-rays or gamma-rays by oscillating relativistic electrons in the wakefield behind the laser pulse, a counter-propagating laser field, or a magnetic undulator. Other LWFA-based light sources include bremsstrahlung and terahertz radiation. We first evaluate the performance of each of these light sources, and compare them with more conventional approaches, including radio frequency accelerators or other laser-driven sources. We have then identified applications, which we discuss in details, in a broad range of fields: medical and biological applications, military, defense and industrial applications, and condensed matter and high energy density science.

日本語訳

レーザー航跡場加速器(LWFA)は30年以上前に提案され、コンパクトな高エネルギー粒子加速器を実現する可能性を秘めている一方、科学コミュニティに新規の光源も提供するものである。LWFAでは、高強度レーザーパルスをプラズマに集光することで電磁波がその航跡に形成され、電子が捕捉されてGeVエネルギーまで加速されるのが現在では日常的である。本稿では、LWFAによって生成される相対論的電子からの光源について、テラヘルツ放射からガンマ線に至るまでを概説し、その潜在的応用について考察する。ベータトロン運動、コンプトン散乱、アンジュレータは、それぞれレーザーパルス後方の航跡場、対向伝播レーザー場、磁気アンジュレータ内での相対論的電子の振動により、X線またはガンマ線を生成する。その他のLWFAベースの光源には、制動放射とテラヘルツ放射がある。我々はまず、これらの各光源の性能を評価し、高周波加速器や他のレーザー駆動光源などの従来手法と比較する。次に、医学・生物学応用、軍事・産業応用、凝縮物質科学、高エネルギー密度科学など、幅広い分野における応用を特定し、詳細に考察する。

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