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On the possiblity of direct electrical power extraction from scrape-off layer currents in tokamaks

M Komm, J Stockel, J Adamek, B J J Kremers, P Vondracek, P Bilkova, P Bohm, M Sos, R Panek2019年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Currents flowing in the scrape-off layer (SOL) are routinely observed in a number of tokamaks. They are usually closed through the divertor plates, either between the inner and outer target or between different poloidal sections of each target. The most common driving mechanisms of SOL currents are the thermoelectric effect (due to electron temperature difference between the two targets) and Pfirsch–Schlüter flows caused by radial pressure gradient. The SOL currents are commonly used for diagnostic purposes—e.g. as ELM monitors or for real-time estimation the divertor electron temperature. In this paper, we report on attempts to extract the SOL currents and related electrical power from the tokamak COMPASS using a dedicated insulated divertor tile and electronics setup, which allows for fast switching between grounded and floating state. It is observed that plasma acts as an ideal power source and that the magnitude of SOL currents scales with upstream separatrix temperature Te,sep.

日本語訳

トカマクにおけるスクレイプオフ層(SOL)を流れる電流は、多数のトカマクで日常的に観測されている。それらは通常、ダイバータ板を通じて閉じられており、内側と外側のターゲット間、または各ターゲットの異なるポロイダル断面間のいずれかで閉路を形成する。SOL電流の最も一般的な駆動機構は、熱電効果(2つのターゲット間の電子温度差によるもの)と、径方向圧力勾配によって生じるプファイアシュ・シュリュータ流である。SOL電流は診断目的で一般的に使用されており、例えばELMモニターや、ダイバータ電子温度のリアルタイム推定に用いられる。本論文では、専用の絶縁ダイバータタイルと電子機器を用いて、接地状態と浮遊状態の間の高速切り替えを可能にし、COMPASSトカマクからSOL電流および関連する電気出力を抽出する試みについて報告する。プラズマが理想的な電源として作用し、SOL電流の大きさが上流セパラトリックス温度Te,sepとともにスケーリングすることが観測された。

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