The results of an extensive study on transport mechanisms and on improved confinementscenarios in RFX are reported. The scaling of the thermal conductivity in the core with the Lundquistnumber indicates that the magnetic field in this region is not fully stochastic, as proved by the existenceof thermal barriers observed in single helicity configurations. The electrostatic transport at the edgehas been proved to depend on the highly sheared E × B flow, which has been interpreted usingfluid and Monte Carlo models. Regimes of improved confinement have been obtained in the core bypoloidal current drive techniques, and the electrostatic transport has been reduced at the edge bybiasing experiments. A radiation mantle caused by impurity seeding has been found to successfullyreduce the local plasma–wall interaction without causing a significant deterioration in the plasmaperformance.