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An analytic model of radiative collapse of a Z-pinch

M G Haines1989年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

There is a critical current IPB of about 1 MA (the Pease-Braginskii current) at which Ohmic heating and Bremsstrahlung losses balance in a Z-pinch under pressure equilibrium. An analytic zero dimensional model shows the process of radiative collapse when the prescribed current exceeds the critical current. In particular for a linearly rising current radiative collapse is complete when the current is square root 3 IPB. However in practice the voltage limitation imposed by an external circuit prevents such a total collapse, and by including this in the model a maximum density ( approximately 1030-1032 m-3) can occur followed by an expansion and damped oscillation about an equilibrium at which the current equals the Pease-Braginskii current. In the absence of alpha-particle pressure the maximum density is limited by the resistance of the narrow column, the large voltage across which ( approximately 108 V) is balanced essentially by a large negative LI; it occurs when the current is IPB (( delta -1)/( delta -2))1/2 where delta =7/3+4/3 ln (Rw/a), where a is the pinch radius and Rw is the radius of the current return. The minimum current following maximum density is shown to be greater than IPB/ square root 2. Degeneracy effects can be included in the model.

日本語訳

臨界電流IPB(約1 MA、ピーズ・ブレムスキー電流)では、Zピンチが圧力平衡にあるとき、オーム加熱と制動放射損失が釣り合う。解析的零次元モデルは、規定電流が臨界電流を超えると、輻射崩壊の過程を示す。特に、線形に増加する電流の場合、輻射崩壊は電流が√3 IPBに達したときに完了する。しかし実際には、外部回路による電圧制限が完全な崩壊を防ぎ、この効果をモデルに組み込むと、最大密度(約10^32〜10^32 m^-3)に達した後、膨張と減衰振動を経て、電流がピーズ・ブレムスキー電流に等しい平衡状態に落ち着く。アルファ粒子圧力がない場合、最大密度は細い柱の抵抗によって制限され、その両端には約10^8 Vの大きな電圧が発生し、これは主に大きな負のLI(インダクタンスと電流変化率の積)によって釣り合う。この状態は、電流がIPB((δ-1)/(δ-2))^1/2 のときに生じる。ここでδ = 7/3 + 4/3 ln(Rw/a)であり、aはピンチ半径、Rwは電流帰路の半径である。最大密度に続く最小電流は、IPB/√2よりも大きいことが示される。縮退効果もモデルに含めることができる。

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