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Pulsar emissions

D B Melrose2003年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The standard model for radio pulsars implies that the `pulsar plasma' in the source region is a highly relativistic, strongly magnetized, one-dimensional, electron–positron pair plasma. Relativistic quantum effects lead to a correction of first order in ℏ to the linear response of a pulsar plasma due to its spin dependence, but this is small for highly relativistic particles. Wave dispersion in the radio range involves the X-mode, Alfvén mode and L–O mode. It is argued that the most plausible radio emission mechanism involves a nonresonant beam instability due to a beam mode that couples to the L–O mode. It is suggested that `orthogonal modes' in the observed radio emission arise from mode coupling at sharp gradients at the edges of ducts, and that the observed circular polarization is associated with gyrotropy (a difference in the electron and positron distributions) and it develops as a propagation effect.

日本語訳

電波パルサーの標準モデルは、源領域における「パルサープラズマ」が高相対論的で、強磁化された、一次元的な電子・陽電子対プラズマであることを示唆する。相対論的量子効果は、そのスピン依存性により、パルサープラズマの線形応答に対してℏの一次の補正をもたらすが、これは高相対論的粒子に対しては小さい。電波帯域における波の分散には、Xモード、アルフヴェンモード、L–Oモードが関与する。最も妥当な電波放射機構は、L–Oモードに結合するビームモードによる非共鳴ビーム不安定性を含むと論じられる。観測される電波放射における「直交モード」は、ダクトの端部の急峻な勾配におけるモード結合に起因し、観測される円偏光はジャイロトロピー(電子と陽電子の分布の差)に関連し、伝播効果として発展することが示唆される。

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