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Disruptive instabilities in the TEXT-U tokamak

A. Vannucci, S.C. McCool1997年被引用 4Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Disruptive instabilities in TEXT-U circular plasmas have been investigated. Hugill diagrams have been constructed for some single and consecutive disruptive shots, and the results indicated that the density limit boundary did not depend solely on plasma impurity content. Since the average radiated power intensity was typically only 30% of the input power, it is unlikely that major disruptions resulted from strong edge cooling and subsequent contraction of the plasma column. However, strong indications are found that a coupling between the m=1 and m=2 MHD modes could be the main triggering mechanism for the disruptions analysed, independently of where they occur in the Hugill operating space. After a major disruption has been triggered, the plasma current was observed to decay on a time-scale that varied considerably from one plasma discharge to another. This discrepancy was not found to depend, at least directly, on average quantities such as Zeff, plasma current, stored energy or plasma density. Finally, the installation of a set of locked mode detecting coils, for measuring the time derivative of the radial magnetic field associated mainly with the growth of the m=2 magnetic island, made it possible to observe that both minor and major disruptions were almost always preceded by a growth in Br. In particular, for some plasma discharges with long duration precursors, the characteristic fluctuations in the Mirnov coil signals and the soft X ray sawtooth oscillations are observed to disappear, which could suggest that a complete mode lock occurs before the disruption takes place. However, detailed investigation showed that the MHD modes were still rotating in the toroidal direction but with a very low frequency of about 50 Hz

日本語訳

TEXT-U円形プラズマにおける破壊的不安定性を調査した。いくつかの単発および連続的な破壊ショットについてHugill線図を作成し、その結果、密度限界境界はプラズマの不純物含有量のみに依存するわけではないことを示した。平均放射パワー強度は典型的に入力パワーのわずか30%であったため、主要な破壊が強い端部冷却とそれに続くプラズマ柱の収縮に起因する可能性は低い。しかしながら、Hugill作動領域内のどこで発生するかに関係なく、解析した破壊の主なトリガー機構がm=1とm=2のMHDモード間の結合であることを示す強い証拠が得られた。主要な破壊がトリガーされた後、プラズマ電流の減衰時間スケールはショットごとに大きく変動することが観測された。この変動は、Zeff、プラズマ電流、蓄積エネルギー、プラズマ密度などの平均的なパラメータに少なくとも直接的に依存するものではないことが判明した。最後に、m=2磁気島の成長に主に関連する動径磁場の時間微分を測定するためのロックモード検出コイルの設置により、小破壊および大破壊の両方の前にほぼ常にBrの成長が先行することが観測可能となった。特に、長い前駆現象を伴ういくつかのプラズマ放電では、Mirnovコイル信号と軟X線さざ波振動における特徴的な変動が消失することが観測され、これは破壊発生前に完全なモードロックが生じることを示唆している。しかしながら、詳細な調査により、MHDモードはトロイダル方向に依然として回転しているものの、その周波数は約50Hzと非常に低いことが示された。

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