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Development of fabrication technology for low activation vanadium alloys as fusion blanket structural materials

Takuya Nagasaka, Takeo Muroga, Ken-ichi Fukumoto, Hideo Watanabe, Martin L. Grossbeck, Jiming Chen2006年被引用 32Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Vanadium alloys, candidate fusion reactor blanket materials, consist of intrinsic low activation elements for 14 MeV fusion neutrons (e.g. vanadium, chromium and titanium). From 500 to 1000 K, the tensile strength of vanadium alloys is independent of temperature, enabling the fusion blanket to be operated at least 100 K higher than a blanket made from ferritic steel. However, most of the data have come from laboratory-scale fabricated vanadium alloy, so a feasibility study on large scale production of vanadium alloy products is required. In the present study, high-purity vanadium alloy products (e.g. plates, wires and tubes) were fabricated from reference high-purity V-4Cr-4Ti ingots designated as NIFS–HEAT, with the use of technologies applicable to industrial scale fabrication. A critical issue for NIFS–HEAT large-scale melting was to reduce the levels of interstitial impurities (e.g. C, N and O) that are known to deteriorate mechanical properties before and after neutron irradiation. Impurity behaviour during working and annealing processes and its effect on mechanical properties were investigated. Mechanical properties of the products were significantly improved by the control of Ti-C, N and O precipitation induced during the processes. Good mechanical properties comparable to laboratory-scale alloys were obtained at above 96% in cold working degree.

日本語訳

バナジウム合金は、核融合炉ブランケット材料の候補であり、14 MeV核融合中性子に対して本質的に低放射化性を示す元素(例:バナジウム、クロム、チタン)から構成される。500〜1000 Kにおいて、バナジウム合金の引張強度は温度に依存せず、これにより核融合ブランケットはフェライト鋼製ブランケットよりも少なくとも100 K高い温度で運転することが可能となる。しかしながら、データの大部分は実験室規模で作製されたバナジウム合金から得られたものであるため、バナジウム合金製品の大規模製造に関する実現可能性調査が必要とされている。本研究では、工業規模の製造に適用可能な技術を用いて、NIFS–HEATと指定された参照用高純度V-4Cr-4Tiインゴットから高純度バナジウム合金製品(例:板材、線材、管材)を製造した。NIFS–HEATの大規模溶解における重要な課題は、中性子照射前後において機械的特性を劣化させることが知られている侵入型不純物(例:C、N、O)のレベルを低減することであった。加工および焼鈍プロセス中の不純物挙動と、それが機械的特性に及ぼす影響を調査した。製品の機械的特性は、プロセス中に誘起されるTi-C、N、O析出物の制御により大幅に改善された。冷間加工度96%以上において、実験室規模の合金に匹敵する良好な機械的特性が得られた。

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