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Results of R&D for lithium/vanadium breeding blanket design

R.F Mattas, D.L Smith, C.B Reed, J.H Park, S.N Votinov1998年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractThe self-cooled lithium/vanadium blanket concept has several attractive features for fusion power systems, including reduced activation, resistance to radiation damage, accommodation of high heat loads and operating to temperatures of 650–700°C. The primary issue associated with the lithium/vanadium concept is the potentially high MHD pressure drop experienced by the lithium as it flows through the high magnetic field of the tokamak. The solution to this issue is to apply a thin insulating coating to the inside of the vanadium alloy to prevent the generation of eddy currents within the structures that are responsible for the high MHD forces and pressure drop. This paper presents the progress in the development of an insulator coating that is capable of operating in the severe fusion environment, progress in the fabrication development of vanadium alloys, and a summary of MHD testing. A large number of small scale tests of vanadium alloy specimens coated with CaO and A1N have been conducted in liquid lithium to determine the resistivity and stability of the coating. In-situ measurements in lithium have determined that CaO coatings, ∼5 μm thick, have resistivity times thickness values (p*t) exceeding 106 Ω cm2. These results have been used to identify fabrication procedures for coating a large vanadium alloy (V–4Cr–4Ti) test section that was tested in the ALEX (Argonne Liquid metal Experiment) facility. Similar test sections have been produced in both Russia and the USA.

日本語訳

自己冷却型リチウム/バナジウムブランケットの概念は、核融合発電システムにおいていくつかの魅力的な特徴を有しており、低放射化、放射線損傷への耐性、高熱負荷への対応、そして650~700°Cでの運転が可能であることが含まれる。リチウム/バナジウム概念に伴う主要な課題は、トカマクの強磁場中をリチウムが流れる際に生じる潜在的に高いMHD圧力損失である。この課題に対する解決策は、バナジウム合金の内側に薄い絶縁コーティングを施し、高いMHD力と圧力損失の原因となる構造体内の渦電流の発生を防ぐことである。本論文では、過酷な核融合環境で動作可能な絶縁コーティングの開発進捗、バナジウム合金の製造開発の進捗、およびMHD試験の概要について述べる。CaOおよびA1Nでコーティングされたバナジウム合金試験片を用いた多数の小規模試験が液体リチウム中で実施され、抵抗率と安定性が評価された。リチウム中でのその場測定により、約5μmの厚さのCaOコーティングが、106 Ω cm2を超える抵抗率×厚さ(p×t)の値を有することが確認された。これらの結果は、ALEX(アルゴンヌ液体金属実験)施設で試験された大型バナジウム合金(V–4Cr–4Ti)試験セクションへのコーティング施工手順の確立に活用された。同様の試験セクションは、ロシアと米国の両方で製作されている。

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