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Second harmonic electromagnetic emission in a beam-driven plasma antenna

V V Annenkov, E A Berendeev, E P Volchok, I V Timofeev2019年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Generation of electromagnetic (EM) radiation near the second harmonic of the plasma frequency during the injection of an electron beam into a rippled-density plasma channel is investigated using both analytical theory and particle-in-cell simulations. The generating scheme is based on nonlinear interaction of the most unstable beam-driven potential plasma wave with its satellite arising due to scattering on the longitudinal modulation of plasma density. Resulting superluminal oscillations of electric current in a finite-size plasma channel radiate EM waves via the same mechanism which has been recently studied for the fundamental harmonic emission and reffered as a beam-driven plasma antenna. It is shown that theoretical predictions for the optimal plasma width and modulation period are confirmed by simulation results and the power conversion efficiency of the second harmonic emission reaches several percent. Such an efficient mechanism opens the path to explanation of laboratory experiments with a thin electron beam at the GOL-3 mirror trap as well as to developing the scheme of terahertz generation at the gigawatt power level.

日本語訳

プラズマ周波数の第2高調波付近での電磁(EM)放射の生成について、密度がリップル状のプラズマチャネルへの電子ビーム入射時における現象を、解析理論と粒子セルシミュレーションの両方を用いて調査する。この生成機構は、最も不安定なビーム駆動プラズマ波と、プラズマ密度の縦方向変調による散乱によって生じる衛星波との非線形相互作用に基づく。有限サイズのプラズマチャネルにおける超光速の電流振動は、基本高調波放射について最近研究されたものと同じ機構、すなわちビーム駆動プラズマアンテナとして知られる機構を介してEM波を放射する。最適なプラズマ幅と変調周期に関する理論的予測がシミュレーション結果によって確認されることが示され、第2高調波放射のパワー変換効率は数パーセントに達する。このような高効率な機構は、GOL-3ミラートラップにおける細い電子ビームを用いた実験の説明への道を開くとともに、ギガワット級電力でのテラヘルツ波生成スキームの開発への道を開くものである。

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