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Electron beam–plasma discharge in GDT mirror trap: particle-in-cell simulations

I.V. Timofeev, V.V. Annenkov, E.P. Volchok, V.V. Glinskiy2022年被引用 6Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The paper presents the results of numerical simulations of the collective relaxation of an electron beam in a magnetized plasma at the parameters typical to experiments on the ignition of a beam–plasma discharge in the gas dynamic trap (GDT). The goal of these simulations is to confirm the ideas about the mechanism of the discharge development, which are used to interpret the results of recent laboratory experiments (Soldatkina et al 2021 Nucl. Fusion). In particular, a characteristic feature of these experiments is the localization of the beam relaxation region in the vicinity of the entrance mirror. A strong mirror magnetic field compresses the beam so that its transverse size becomes less than the wavelength it excites. In addition, near the mirror, the electron cyclotron frequency is much higher than the plasma one, which can significantly affect the possibility of propagation of the most unstable waves outside the beam. Particle-in-cell simulations make it possible not only to find how efficiently intense plasma oscillations penetrate the rarefied periphery, but also to prove that the turbulent zone in a realistic nonuniform plasma has regions dominated by transverse electric fields. This creates the necessary conditions for efficient acceleration of the trapped particles to energies much higher than the initial beam energy.

日本語訳

本論文は、ガス動的トラップ(GDT)におけるビーム・プラズマ放電の点火実験に典型的なパラメータ条件下での、磁化プラズマ中における電子ビームの集団緩和の数値シミュレーション結果を示すものである。これらのシミュレーションの目的は、最近の実験結果(Soldatkina et al. 2021, Nucl. Fusion)の解釈に用いられている放電機構に関する考え方を検証することにある。特に、これらの実験の特徴は、ビーム緩和領域が入射ミラー近傍に局在化することである。強いミラー磁場はビームを圧縮し、その横方向サイズを励起される波長よりも小さくする。さらに、ミラー近傍では電子サイクロトロン周波数がプラズマ周波数よりもはるかに高くなり、これが最も不安定な波のビーム外部への伝播可能性に大きな影響を及ぼし得る。粒子・インセル(PIC)シミュレーションにより、強いプラズマ振動が希薄な周辺部へどの程度効率的に浸透するかを明らかにできるだけでなく、現実的な非一様プラズマ中の乱流領域には横方向電場が支配的な領域が存在することをも証明できる。これにより、捕捉粒子を初期ビームエネルギーよりもはるかに高いエネルギーへ効率的に加速するために必要な条件が形成される。

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