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Isotope exchange reaction on solid breeder materials

A Baba, M Nishikawa, T Eguchi, T Kawagoe2000年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractLithium ceramic materials such as Li2O, LiAlO2, Li2ZrO3, Li2TiO3 and Li4SiO4 are considered to be as candidate for the tritium breeding material in a deuterium–tritium (D–T) fusion reactor. In the recent blanket designs, helium gas with hydrogen or deuterium is planned to be used as the blanket purge gas to reduce tritium inventory and promote tritium release from the breeding material. In addition, the rate of isotope exchange reaction between hydrogen isotopes in the purge gas and tritium on the surface of the breeding material is necessary to analyze the tritium release behavior from the breeding materials. However, the rate of isotope exchange reactions between hydrogen isotopes in the purge gas and tritium on the surface of those materials has not been quantified until recently. Recently, the present authors quantified the rate of isotope exchange reaction on Li2O and Li2ZrO3. The overall mass transfer coefficients representing the isotope exchange reaction between H2 and D2O on breeding materials or the same between D2 and H2O are experimentally obtained in this study. Comparison to isotope exchange reaction rates on various breeding materials is also performed in this study. Discussions about the effects of temperature, concentration of hydrogen in the purge gas or flow rate of the purge gas on the conversion of tritiated water to tritium gas are also performed.

日本語訳

リチウムセラミックス材料、例えばLi2O、LiAlO2、Li2ZrO3、Li2TiO3およびLi4SiO4は、重水素-トリチウム(D-T)核融合炉におけるトリチウム増殖材料の候補と考えられている。最近のブランケット設計では、ヘリウムガスに水素または重水素を添加したものが、トリチウムインベントリを低減し、増殖材料からのトリチウム放出を促進するためのブランケットパージガスとして計画されている。さらに、パージガス中の水素同位体と増殖材料表面のトリチウムとの間の同位体交換反応速度は、増殖材料からのトリチウム放出挙動を解析するために必要である。しかしながら、パージガス中の水素同位体とそれらの材料表面のトリチウムとの間の同位体交換反応速度は、最近まで定量化されていなかった。最近、著者らはLi2OおよびLi2ZrO3上の同位体交換反応速度を定量化した。増殖材料上のH2とD2Oの間、またはD2とH2Oの間の同位体交換反応を表す総括物質移動係数は、本研究において実験的に得られた。様々な増殖材料上の同位体交換反応速度との比較も本研究で実施された。パージガスの温度、水素濃度または流量が、トリチウム水からトリチウムガスへの変換に及ぼす影響に関する考察も行われた。

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