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In situ cleaning of diagnostic first mirrors: an experimental comparison between plasma and laser cleaning in ITER-relevant conditions

A. Maffini, L. Moser, L. Marot, R. Steiner, D. Dellasega, A. Uccello, E. Meyer, M. Passoni2017年被引用 19Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

This paper presents an experimental comparison between the plasma cleaning and the laser cleaning techniques of diagnostic first mirrors (FMs). The re-deposition of contaminants sputtered from a tokamak first wall onto FMs could dramatically decrease their reflectance in an unacceptable way for the proper functioning of plasma diagnostic systems. Therefore, suitable in situ cleaning solutions will be required to recover the FMs reflectance in ITER. Currently, plasma cleaning and laser cleaning are considered the most promising solutions. In this work, a set of ITER-like rhodium mirrors contaminated with materials tailored to reproduce tokamak redeposits is employed to experimentally compare plasma and laser cleaning against different criteria (reflectance recovery, mirror integrity, time requirement). We show that the two techniques present different complementary features that can be exploited for the cleaning of ITER FMs. In particular, plasma cleaning ensures an excellent reflectance recovery in the case of compact contaminants, while laser cleaning is faster, gentler, and more effective in the case of porous contaminant. In addition, we demonstrate the potential benefits of a synergistic solution which combines plasma and laser cleaning to exploit the best features of each technique.

日本語訳

本論文は、プラズマ洗浄とレーザー洗浄という2つの診断用第一ミラー(FM)洗浄技術の実験的比較について述べる。トカマク第一壁からスパッタリングされた汚染物質がFM上に再堆積すると、その反射率が大幅に低下し、プラズマ診断システムの適切な機能が損なわれる可能性がある。そのため、ITERにおけるFMの反射率を回復するには、適切なその場洗浄技術が必要となる。現在、プラズマ洗浄とレーザー洗浄が最も有望な候補と考えられている。本研究では、トカマク再堆積物を模擬した材料で汚染された一連のITER類似ロジウムミラーを用いて、プラズマ洗浄とレーザー洗浄を複数の評価基準(反射率回復、ミラー損傷、所要時間)に基づいて実験的に比較した。その結果、両技術は異なる特徴を有し、ITERのFM洗浄において相補的に活用できることが示された。具体的には、プラズマ洗浄は緻密な汚染層に対して優れた反射率回復を示す一方、レーザー洗浄は多孔質な汚染層に対してより高速かつ低損傷で効果的であることが明らかになった。さらに、両技術を組み合わせた相乗的洗浄アプローチが、それぞれの長所を最大限に活かす上で有効である可能性を示した。

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