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PROTO-SPHERA: a magnetic confinement experiment which emulates the jet + torus astrophysical plasmas

Franco Alladio, Paolo Micozzi, Luca Boncagni, Annamaria Pau, Shayesteh Naghinajad, Samanta Macera, Yacopo Damizia, Paolo Buratti, Francesco Filippi, Giuseppe Galatola Teka2024年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The PROTO-SPHERA experiment, built at the CR-ENEA laboratory in Frascati, was in part inspired by the jet + torus astrophysical plasmas, a rather common morphology in Astrophysics. This paper illustrates how the said plasma morphology can be reproduced in a laboratory with the setup of the PROTO-SPHERA experiment. The experiment as such displayed the appearance and sustainment of a plasma torus around an internal magnetized plasma centerpost (jet) by self-organisation; an entirely unexplored phenomenon to date. The remarkable ideal MHD stability of the PROTO-SPHERA plasma is extremely significant, as it is obtained in a simply connected geometry, inside a perfectly insulating vacuum vessel, and without the need of a nearby stabilizing conducting shell. The concluding sections of this paper deal with application of force-free fields to the Pulsar Wind Nebulae morphology and present an extension of the well-known split-dipole model. Such an extension provides a natural description of the presence of tori around the Pulsar plasma jets. In addition, similarities and differences between the laboratory and the astrophysical jet + torus plasmas are detailed.

日本語訳

PROTO-SPHERA実験は、CR-ENEA研究所で建設され、ジェット+トーラスプラズマという天体物理学において極めて一般的な形態に部分的に着想を得たものである。本論文は、PROTO-SPHERA実験の装置を用いて、このようなプラズマ形態がどのように実験室で再現され得るかを示すものである。当該実験は、自己組織化による内部磁化プラズマセンタージェット(ジェット)の周囲でのプラズマトーラスの出現と維持を実証したものであり、これはこれまで全く未解明の現象である。PROTO-SPHERAプラズマの顕著な理想MHD安定性は極めて重要であり、それは単連結形状、完全絶縁真空容器内部、かつ近傍に安定化導体シェルを必要としない条件下で達成される。本論文の結論部では、パルサー風星雲へのフォースフリー磁場の適用について論じ、よく知られたスプリット双極子モデルの拡張を提示する。この拡張により、パルサープラズマジェット周囲のトーラスの存在に対する自然な説明がもたらされる。さらに、実験室プラズマと天体物理学的ジェット+トーラスプラズマの間の類似点と相違点が詳述される。

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