A study, using a Monte-Carlo simulation code, of ICRF-sustained mode operation in tandem mirrors by way of ICRF end-cell fuelling and heating is described. Although the basic parameter space considered corresponds to the Phaedrus experiment, the central-cell density and temperatures are extended towards the reactor regime. It is found that significant end cell ion potential barriers can be generated with ICRF, but that, owing to choking of the central-cell ion source stream by the plugging potential, saturation occurs and power requirements rapidly increase, so that the potential rise is limited to about twice the central-cell ion temperature. Although performance is improved as the ion cyclotron resonance approaches the end-cell mid-plane, no significant difference is found between inboard, outboard or double resonance location. As the central-cell density and temperatures are increased, the RF power requirement is found to increase dramatically. Optimum performance for end cell fuelling results when the central-cell electron temperature is higher than the ion temperature, but the magnitude of this ratio is limited by an increase in threshold power level with electron temperature.
A theoretical study of ICRF effects on multiple-mirror confinement