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Composition adjustment of low activation materials for shallow land burial

Y. Seki, T. Tabara, I. Aoki, S. Ueda, R. Kurihara2000年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractThe three representative low activation materials for a fusion reactor are ferritic steel, V-alloy and SiC/SiC composite. The adjustment of the material composition of these materials to increase the fraction of shallow land burial in Japan was considered. In Japan, the fission waste having any single radionuclide exceeding the limiting concentration value, causing 100 μSv year−1 individual dose, determined by the Nuclear Safety Commission will not qualify as a low level waste (LLW), which could be disposed by shallow land burial. The limiting concentration values of radionuclides produced in fusion reactor were derived based on the methodology of the Nuclear Safety Commission. Radionuclide concentrations of the radwastes generated from the fusion power reactors using the three low activation materials based on the composition of existing materials were evaluated. Radwastes are classified into LLW and medium level waste (MLW), which is defined as the waste which does not qualify for LLW because one or more of the radionuclides exceeds the derived limiting concentration value. The weight fraction of MLW among the sum of LLW and MLW is found to be 10% for ferritic steel, 54% for V-alloy and 43% for SiC/SiC. The possibility of decreasing the MLW fraction by the material composition adjustment is considered. It is found that if Nb impurity content in V-alloy and N impurity content in SiC/SiC composite could be reduced, the MLW fraction can be significantly decreased. On the other hand, the content of the alloy component material (W), needs to be reduced to further decrease the MLW fraction in case of the ferritic steel F82H.

日本語訳

核融合炉用の3つの代表的な低放射化材料は、フェライト鋼、V合金、およびSiC/SiC複合材料である。これらの材料の組成を調整して、日本における浅地中処分の割合を増加させることを検討した。日本では、原子力安全委員会が定めた、年間100μSvの個人線量をもたらす限度濃度値を超える単一の放射性核種を含む核分裂廃棄物は、浅地中処分が可能な低レベル放射性廃棄物(LLW)として分類されない。核融合炉で生成される放射性廃棄物中の放射性核種濃度を、既存材料の組成に基づいて、上記3つの低放射化材料を用いた場合について評価した。放射性廃棄物はLLWと、1つ以上の放射性核種が導出された限度濃度値を超えるためにLLWの基準を満たさない中レベル放射性廃棄物(MLW)に分類される。LLWとMLWの合計に対するMLWの重量割合は、フェライト鋼で10%、V合金で54%、SiC/SiC複合材料で43%であることが判明した。材料組成の調整によるMLW割合の低減可能性を検討した。その結果、V合金中のNb不純物含有量とSiC/SiC複合材料中のN不純物含有量を低減できれば、MLW割合を大幅に減少できることが判明した。一方、フェライト鋼F82Hの場合、MLW割合をさらに低減するには、合金成分であるWの含有量を低減する必要がある。

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