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Density gradient driven microinstabilities and turbulence in ASDEX Upgrade pellet fuelled plasmas

C. Angioni, P.T. Lang, P. Manas, the ASDEX Upgrade Team2017年被引用 17Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

ASDEX Upgrade plasmas fuelled by pellets in the H-mode confinement regime are analyzed. The gyrokinetic code GKW is applied to calculate the microinstabilities which are predicted to be unstable in these plasmas. Two types of density gradient driven modes are found, outside and inside the pellet deposition location. The first mode is driven by a negative radial density gradient, and corresponds to the usual density gradient driven trapped electron mode instability, producing a large diffusive particle flux directed outwards, and becomes more unstable with increasing trapped particle fraction and with decreasing collisionality. The second is driven by a positive radial density gradient (that is, a locally hollow density profile) and is identified for the first time in this work. The instability is located in the proximity of the high field side of the poloidal cross section, and drives a diffusive particle flux directed inward. It is mainly produced by the non-adiabatic response of passing particles with low parallel velocities at high collisionality and it becomes more unstable with increasing passing particle fraction and increasing collision frequency. Nonlinear gyrokinetic turbulence simulations show that these instabilities can lead to saturated turbulence and produce particle diffusion at experimentally relevant levels. In contrast to the usual behavior of the turbulent fields in tokamak plasmas, which have largest fluctuations on the low field side, locally hollow density profiles are prediced to lead to turbulent electrostatic potential and density fluctuations which are maximum on the high field side of the torus.

日本語訳

Hモード閉じ込め領域においてペレットにより燃料供給されたASDEX Upgradeプラズマを解析した。ジャイロ運動論コードGKWを適用して、これらのプラズマにおいて不安定になると予測される微視的不安定性を計算した。ペレット堆積位置の外側と内側に、2種類の密度勾配駆動モードが見いだされた。最初のモードは負の径方向密度勾配によって駆動され、通常の密度勾配駆動捕捉電子モード不安定性に対応し、外向きの大きな拡散粒子束を生成し、捕捉粒子割合の増加とともに、また衝突率の減少とともにより不安定になる。2番目のモードは正の径方向密度勾配(すなわち、局所的に中空の密度分布)によって駆動され、本研究で初めて同定された。この不安定性はポロイダル断面の高磁場側の近傍に位置し、内向きの拡散粒子束を駆動する。これは主に、高衝突率における低平行速度の通過粒子の非断熱応答によって生成され、通過粒子割合の増加と衝突周波数の増加とともにより不安定になる。非線形ジャイロ運動論乱流シミュレーションは、これらの不安定性が飽和乱流を引き起こし、実験的に重要なレベルの粒子拡散を生じ得ることを示している。低磁場側で最大のゆらぎを持つトカマクプラズマにおける乱流場の通常の挙動とは対照的に、局所的に中空の密度分布は、トーラスの高磁場側で最大となる乱流静電ポテンシャルと密度ゆらぎを引き起こすと予測される。

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