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Non-LTE effects in inertial confinement fusion target chambers

J.J. MacFarlane, G.A. Moses, R.R. Peterson1989年被引用 6Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

In previous studies of transport processes in inertial confinement fusion target chambers, the radiative properties of the background plasma were calculated under the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). In this paper, the authors present a study of the equation of state and the radiative properties of high temperature, low-to-moderate density (≲ 1021 cm−3) plasmas for the determination of the conditions under which non-LTE effects become important and for an assessment of the importance of non-LTE processes in target chambers during high yield inertial fusion target explosions. For this purpose, two-body (radiative and dielectronic) and three-body (collisional) recombination and de-excitation processes are considered in calculating the steady state ionization and excitation populations. The results of this study indicate that non-LTE processes generally become important at temperatures of ≳1, 10 and 100 eV for plasma densities of 1018, 1019 and 1021 cm−3, respectively. Radiation hydrodynamic simulations utilizing the equation of state and the opacities for a non-LTE argon plasma were performed to study the response of a background gas to an inertial fusion target explosion. These calculations indicate that non-LTE processes are often the dominant atomic processes in the background plasma and that they can strongly affect the radiative and shock properties as energy is transported away from the point of the target explosion.

日本語訳

これまでの慣性核融合標的チャンバー内の輸送過程に関する研究では、背景プラズマの放射特性は局所熱平衡(LTE)の仮定のもとで計算されていた。本論文では、著者らは、高温・低密度から中密度(≲ 10²¹ cm⁻³)のプラズマの状態方程式と放射特性について、非LTE効果が重要となる条件の決定と、高収量慣性核融合標的爆発時の標的チャンバー内における非LTE過程の重要性の評価のために研究を行った。この目的のため、定常状態の電離分布と励起分布の計算において、二体(放射および誘電)再結合と三体(衝突)再結合、および脱励起過程が考慮された。本研究の結果は、非LTE過程は一般に、プラズマ密度が10¹⁸、10¹⁹、10²¹ cm⁻³の場合に、それぞれ≳1、10、100 eVの温度で重要になることを示している。非LTEアルゴンプラズマの状態方程式と不透明度を用いた放射流体力学シミュレーションを実施し、慣性核融合標的爆発に対する背景ガスの応答を調べた。これらの計算は、非LTE過程が背景プラズマにおいて支配的な原子過程となることが多く、エネルギーが標的爆発点から輸送される際に、放射特性と衝撃波特性に強く影響を及ぼし得ることを示している。

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