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MHD limits to tokamak operation and their control

H Zohm, G Gantenbein, A Isayama, A Keller, R J La Haye, M Maraschek, A Mück, K Nagasaki, S D Pinches, E J Strait2003年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

A review of magnetohydrodynamic limits to tokamak operation in terms of current, density and pressure is given. Although the current and density limits in a tokamak usually lead to disruptive termination of the discharge, it is argued that these can be avoided by staying away from the respective limits. This is especially true since operation close to these limits is not really desirable, due to the decreased confinement at very high density and the high disruptivity at low q. On the other hand, the limit to plasma pressure set by neoclassical tearing modes (NTMs) and resistive wall modes (RWMs) is too low to guarantee economic operation of future fusion reactors. Therefore, active control of these two instabilities is now being studied. Noticeable progress has been made by NTM stabilization with ECCD. Avoidance of NTMs and RWMs by tailoring sawteeth and spinning the plasma, shows promising results. Also, experiments on direct RWM stabilization by active coils are showing their first encouraging results.

日本語訳

トカマク運転における電流、密度、圧力に関する磁気流体力学限界のレビューを行う。トカマクにおける電流限界と密度限界は通常、放電の破壊的終端をもたらすが、それぞれの限界から離れて運転することでこれらを回避できると論じる。これは、非常に高い密度での閉じ込めの低下と、低いq値での高い破壊率のため、これらの限界に近接した運転が実際には望ましくないことから、特に真実である。一方、新古典テアリングモード(NTM)と抵抗性壁モード(RWM)によって設定されるプラズマ圧力限界は、将来の核融合炉の経済的運転を保証するには低すぎる。したがって、これら二つの不安定性の能動制御が現在研究されている。ECCDによるNTM安定化においては顕著な進展が見られている。サウトゥースの調整とプラズマ回転によるNTMおよびRWMの回避は、有望な結果を示している。さらに、能動コイルによるRWM直接安定化の実験は、最初の有望な結果を示し始めている。

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Magnetohydrodynamics
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