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On the computation of the disruption forces in tokamaks

V.D. Pustovitov, G. Rubinacci, F. Villone2017年被引用 27Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The currents and forces induced in the tokamak vacuum vessel (wall) during the disruption are calculated for different values of wall resistivity. Several consequences and new developments are derived from the general result that the global disruption force acting on the perfectly conducting wall must be exactly opposite to the similar force acting on the plasma, which is inherently small in tokamaks. This theoretical prediction is tested and confirmed here for the ITER tokamak with disruption modelled as the fast thermal quench followed by slower current quench that develops into the vertical displacement event. The plasma is simulated by the evolutionary equilibrium code CarMa0NL. One of the results is that the computed integral force on a perfectly conducting wall is zero at each instant during a disruption. This in turn highlights the importance of having good models for the plasma (in which the equilibrium constraint is explicitly imposed) and for the structures (able to correctly describe the induced currents and the resistive effects). The dependence of the disruption force on the magnetic field penetration through the wall is demonstrated. Also the concept of a disruption force damper is proposed, able to 'absorb' a significant part of the force that would arise on a resistive wall during a disruption.

日本語訳

ディスラプション中にトカマク真空容器(壁)に誘起される電流と力を、壁の抵抗率の異なる値について計算する。完全導体壁に作用する全体ディスラプション力は、プラズマに作用する同様の力と正確に反対向きでなければならないという一般的結果から、いくつかの帰結と新しい発展が導かれる。プラズマに作用する力はトカマクにおいて本質的に小さい。この理論的予測は、高速熱クエンチとそれに続くより遅い電流クエンチが垂直変位事象へと発展するものとしてディスラプションをモデル化したITERトカマクにおいて検証され、ここで確認される。プラズマは発展的平衡コードCarMa0NLによってシミュレーションされる。結果の一つは、完全導体壁上で計算された積分力がディスラプション中の各瞬間においてゼロであることである。これはまた、プラズマ(平衡制約が明示的に課される)と構造物(誘起電流と抵抗効果を正しく記述できる)のための良好なモデルを持つことの重要性を浮き彫りにする。壁を通る磁場の浸透に対するディスラプション力の磁場の壁透過への依存性が示される。また、ディスラプション力ダンパーの概念が提案され、これは抵抗壁でのディスラプション中に生じるであろう力の有意な部分を「吸収」することができる。

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