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Focus optimization of relativistic self-focusing for anomalous laser penetration into overdense plasmas (super-penetration)

T Matsuoka, A Lei, T Yabuuchi, K Adumi, J Zheng, R Kodama, K Sawai, K Suzuki, Y Kitagawa, T Norimatsu2008年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Relativistic electron motion in a plasma due to an intense laser pulse modifies the refractive index and leads to two effects: relativistic induced transparency and relativistic self-focusing. A combination of the above two effects enables transmission of laser energy deep into plasmas which is useful for fast ignition of inertial fusion. This so-called super-penetration sensitively depends on the focal position of the laser intensity due to the inhomogeneous density profile of the plasma and convergence of the laser pulse by final focusing optics. Experiments were conducted at vacuum focused laser intensities between 3.3 and 4. 4 × 1018 W cm−2 at peak plasma densities between 23 and 75nc, where nc is the critical density of the plasma. We introduced a scenario: the laser beam diameter at nc/4 density must be smaller than the plasma wavelength to achieve whole beam self-focusing. An optimum focus was found experimentally by measuring the plasma channel, laser transmittance and electron spectra. All three data are consistent with one another and numerical calculations based on a paraxial approximation model suggest that this optimum focus corresponds to the scenario described above.

日本語訳

プラズマ中における高強度レーザーパルスによる相対論的電子運動は、屈折率を変化させ、相対論的誘起透明化と相対論的自己集束という2つの効果をもたらす。これら2つの効果の組み合わせにより、レーザーエネルギーをプラズマ深部へ伝達することが可能となり、これは慣性核融合の高速点火に有用である。このいわゆる超透過効果は、プラズマの不均一な密度分布と最終集束光学系によるレーザーパルスの収束のため、レーザー強度の焦点位置に敏感に依存する。実験は、真空焦点レーザー強度3.3〜4.4×10¹⁸ W cm⁻²、ピークプラズマ密度23〜75 n_c(ここでn_cはプラズマの臨界密度)で実施された。我々は次のシナリオを提示した:n_c/4密度におけるレーザービーム径は、ビーム全体の自己集束を達成するためにプラズマ波長より小さくなければならない。プラズマチャネル、レーザー透過率、電子スペクトルの測定により、最適焦点が実験的に見出された。これら3つのデータは互いに一致しており、放物近似モデルに基づく数値計算は、この最適焦点が上述のシナリオに対応することを示唆している。

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