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Design of the ITER vacuum vessel

K loki, G Johnson, K Shimizu, D Williamson1995年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractThe ITER vacuum vessel is a major safety barrier and must support electromagnetic loads during plasma disruptions and vertical displacement events (VDE) and withstand plausible accidents without losing confinement. The vacuum vessel has a double wall structure to provide structural and electrical continuity in the toroidal direction. The inner and outer shells and poloidal stiffening ribs between them are joined by welding, which gives the vessel the required mechanical strength. The space between the shells will be filled with steel balls and plate inserts to provide additional nuclear shielding. Water flowing in this space is required to remove nuclear heat deposition, which is 0.2—2.5% of the total fusion power. The minor and major radii of the tokamak are 3.9 m and 13 m respectively, and the overall height is 15 m. The total thickness of the vessel wall structure is 0.4−0.7 m.The inboard and outboard blanket segments are supported from the vacuum vessel. The support structure is required to withstand a large total vertical force of 200–300 MN due to VDE and to allow for differential thermal expansion.The first candidate for the vacuum vessel material is Inconel 625, due to its higher electric resistivity and higher yield strength, even at high temperatures. Type 316 stainless steel is also considered a vacuum vessel material candidate, owing to its large database and because it is supported by more conventional fabrication technology.

日本語訳

ITER真空容器は主要な安全バリアであり、プラズマ擾乱および垂直変位事象(VDE)時の電磁荷重に耐え、かつ閉じ込めを失うことなく想定される事故に耐えなければならない。真空容器は二重壁構造を有し、トロイダル方向の構造的および電気的連続性を提供する。内壁と外壁、およびそれらの間のポロイダル補強リブは溶接により接合され、容器に必要な機械的強度を与える。壁間の空間は鋼球とプレート挿入物で充填され、追加の核遮蔽を提供する。この空間を流れる水は、核熱除去のために必要であり、その熱量は全核融合出力の0.2〜2.5%である。トカマクの主半径および副半径はそれぞれ13mおよび3.9mであり、全体の高さは15mである。容器壁構造の全厚は0.4〜0.7mである。内側および外側のブランケットセグメントは真空容器から支持される。支持構造は、VDEによる200〜300MNの大きな総垂直力に耐え、かつ熱膨張差を許容することが要求される。真空容器材料の第一候補はインコネル625であり、その理由は高温でも高い電気抵抗率と高い降伏強度を有するためである。タイプ316ステンレス鋼も真空容器材料の候補として検討されており、その理由は豊富なデータベースと、より従来型の製造技術によって支持されているためである。

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