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Modelling of impurity flow in the tokamak scrape-off layer

J. Neuhauser, W. Schneider, R. Wunderlich, K. Lackner1984年被引用 125Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The impurity flow parallel to the magnetic field lines in a collisional tokamak scrape-off layer is numerically investigated. The rate equations are solved treating each ionization state as a test fluid which interacts with the given hydrogen background plasma via collisions and the ambipolar electric field. Results for typical impurities (O, Fe, He, etc.) show that collisional friction usually forces the impurities to flow nearly at hydrogen speed. Thermal forces, however, can become dominant locally for small Mach number and large temperature gradient (e.g. strong target recycling), causing impurity flow reversal and subsequent accumulation outside the recycling region. The criterion for flow reversal is roughly M <λi/λT where λi is the hydrogen ion mean free path and λT is the temperature gradient length. Self-sputtering at the target plates is calculated, showing the importance of fractional impurity acceleration in addition to the charge-statedependent electrostatic energy gain.

日本語訳

トカマクのスクレイプオフ層における不純物の磁力線に平行な流れを数値的に調べた。各電離状態を、与えられた水素背景プラズマと衝突および分極電場を介して相互作用する試験流体として扱い、レート方程式を解いた。典型的な不純物(O、Fe、Heなど)に対する結果は、衝突摩擦が通常、不純物をほぼ水素速度で流れさせることを示している。しかしながら、熱力は、マッハ数が小さく温度勾配が大きい場合(例えば、強いターゲットリサイクリング時)に局所的に支配的となり得、不純物流れの反転とそれに続くリサイクリング領域外での蓄積を引き起こす。流れの反転の条件はおおよそM < λi/λTであり、ここでλiは水素イオンの平均自由行程、λTは温度勾配の長さである。ターゲット板における自己スパッタリングを計算し、電荷状態に依存する静電エネルギー利得に加えて、不純物の部分的な加速の重要性を示した。

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