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Nonlinear collisionless electron cyclotron interaction in the pre-ionisation stage

D. Farina2018年被引用 20Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Electron cyclotron (EC) wave-particle interaction is theoretically investigated in the pre-ionisation phase, much before collisions and other mechanisms can play a role. In the very first phase of a plasma discharge with EC-assisted breakdown, the motion of an electron at room temperature in a static magnetic field under the action of a localised microwave beam is nonlinear, and transition to states of larger energy can occur via wave trapping. Within a Hamiltonian adiabatic formalism, the conditions at which the particles gain energy in single beam crossing are derived in a rigorous way, and the energy variation is characterized quantitatively as a function of the wave frequency, harmonic number, polarisation and EC power and beam width. Estimates of interest for applications to tokamak start-up are obtained for the first, second and third cyclotron harmonic. The investigation confirms that electrons can easily gain energies well above the ionisation energy in most conditions at the first two harmonics, while not at the third harmonic, as observed in experiments.

日本語訳

電子サイクロトロン(EC)波と粒子の相互作用を、衝突や他の機構が関与する前の予備電離段階において理論的に調べた。ECによる破壊を伴うプラズマ放電のごく初期段階では、静磁場中で室温の電子が局在したマイクロ波ビームの作用下で非線形運動を示し、波動捕捉によってより高いエネルギー状態への遷移が起こり得る。ハミルトン断熱形式の枠組みにおいて、単一ビーム通過時に粒子がエネルギーを得る条件を厳密に導出し、エネルギー変化を波動周波数、高調波次数、偏極、ECパワー、ビーム幅の関数として定量的に特徴付けた。トカマクの立ち上げへの応用に関連する評価を、第1、第2、第3サイクロトロン高調波について行った。その結果、電子は第1および第2高調波ではほとんどの条件下で電離エネルギーを十分に超えるエネルギーを容易に獲得できるが、第3高調波ではそうではないことが確認され、これは実験で観測された結果と一致する。

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