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A pulsed high-current plasma beam under external and self-induced magnetic confinement in a linear device

X J Zheng, F J Gou, Y Zhou, H X Wang, A C Wallace, H B Wang, Z H Huang, X Q Ji, S Y Liang, W Liu2019年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The previously developed governing equations for Magnetic Inertial Confinement Fusion, which combines the advantages of both magnetic and inertial confinement approaches, are improved to analyse a plasma beam in a linear device assisted by an external magnetic field. The equations are applied to simulate a steady state plasma beam sustained by a DC power supply as well as a transient beam generated by a separate pulsed discharge superimposed on the steady-state plasma. The calculated increase of plasma density during the pulse from the steady-state condition is compared with measurements using a laser interferometer at a relatively low voltage supply of 150 V for the pulses. The numerical and test results are found to agree within 20%. When the voltage rises, plasma instability is observed. This issue is inherent due to the use of a solid positive target electrode that blocks the plasma flow in the axial direction. As a remedy, additional tests were carried out using a hollow target electrode in a two-circuit design (to permit free gas flow in the axial direction) by replacing the DC power with transient, pulsed, high-voltage sources for plasma initiation and beam formation. These enhancements were successful in suppressing the instabilities. The peak plasma density was calculated at ∼1022 m−3 for confinement times of the order of 1 ms. These results lie between the extremes for the current leading approaches yet are achieved for a more compact and inexpensive linear device.

日本語訳

磁気閉じ込めと慣性閉じ込めの両方の利点を組み合わせた磁気慣性核融合のための既存の支配方程式を改良し、外部磁場の支援を受ける線形装置内のプラズマビームを解析する。この方程式を適用して、直流電源によって維持される定常状態のプラズマビームと、定常状態のプラズマに重畳された別個のパルス放電によって生成される過渡ビームの両方をシミュレーションする。パルス中のプラズマ密度の定常状態からの増加を、パルス電圧150 Vという比較的低い電圧条件下でのレーザー干渉計による測定値と比較する。数値計算結果と実験結果は20%以内で一致することが確認された。電圧を上昇させると、プラズマ不安定性が観測される。この問題は、軸方向のプラズマ流を遮断する固体の陽極ターゲットの使用に本質的に起因する。この対策として、軸方向のガス流を可能にする中空陽極ターゲットを用いた二回路構成(直流電源を、プラズマ生成およびビーム形成のための過渡的高電圧パルス源に置き換える)により追加実験を実施した。これらの改良により、不安定性の抑制に成功した。ピークプラズマ密度は約10^22 m^-3と計算され、閉じ込め時間は約1 msのオーダーであった。これらの結果は、現在の主要なアプローチの結果の中間に位置するものでありながら、よりコンパクトで低コストな線形装置によって達成されるものである。

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