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Enhanced confinement in diverted negative-triangularity L-mode plasmas in TCV

S Coda, A Merle, O Sauter, L Porte, F Bagnato, J Boedo, T Bolzonella, O Février, B Labit, A Marinoni2022年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The favorable confinement properties of negative-triangularity (NT) tokamak configurations were discovered in the TCV tokamak in the late 1990s and were documented over the two following decades, through investigations of predominantly electron-heated plasmas in limited topologies. The most recent experimental campaign in TCV has marked a leap forward, characterized by the development of a variety of diverted NT shapes that are robustly stable with basic Ohmic heating. The application of auxiliary heating, directed now at both electrons and ions (using electron-cyclotron resonance heating as well as neutral-beam injection), has enabled the achievement of record performances for L-mode plasmas, with normalized β values reaching 2.8 transiently (as well as 2 in steady state, but reverting to a limited configuration) and with comparable ion and electron temperatures. The systematic confinement enhancement with NT is confirmed in these experiments. The L-mode existence space is broader than at positive triangularity, with only sporadic transitions to H-mode observed up to 1.4 MW heating power regardless of the magnetic-field-gradient direction relative to the X-point. These experiments are planned to be continued with even higher power following a heating-source upgrade.

日本語訳

負三角形度(NT)トカマク配位の良好な閉じ込め特性は、1990年代後半にTCVトカマクで発見され、その後20年間にわたり、主に電子加熱プラズマとリミター配位での研究を通じて実証されてきた。TCVでの最新の実験キャンペーンは飛躍的進歩を示し、基本オーミック加熱で堅牢に安定な多様なダイバータNT形状の開発を特徴としている。現在は電子とイオンの両方に向けた追加加熱(電子サイクロトロン共鳴加熱および中性粒子ビーム入射)の適用により、Lモードプラズマでの記録的な性能達成が可能となり、規格化ベータ値は過渡的に2.8に達し(定常状態では2、ただしリミター配位に戻る)、電子温度とイオン温度は同等となった。系統的な閉じ込め向上はNT配位で確認されている。Lモードの存在領域は正三角形度よりも広く、X点に対する磁場勾配方向に関係なく、最大1.4 MWの加熱電力までHモードへの遷移は散発的にしか観測されなかった。これらの実験は、加熱源のアップグレード後、さらに高い電力で継続される予定である。

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