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Rotational stabilization of the resistive wall mode by coupling to a dissipative rational surface

C J Ham, C G Gimblett, R J Hastie2009年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Fusion power from a tokamak increases as β2 (β is the ratio of the plasma and magnetic field pressures) and so the mitigation of instabilities such as the resistive wall mode (RWM), that can prevent high β operation, is important. Stabilization of the RWM with a plasma rotation frequency of below 1% ΩA, where ΩA is the Alfvénic rotation frequency, has been observed in a number of tokamaks. An analytical model for this stabilization, in a cylindrical plasma with a resonant layer, is discussed here. The layer theory of Porcelli (1987 Phys. Fluids30 1734) is used to provide a model of the physics within the resonant layer. A dispersion relation connecting the plasma equilibrium to the layer physics in a rotating plasma is developed. Two mechanisms for RWM stabilization are investigated. The first includes viscosity in the resonant layer. The second assumes that stabilization occurs in the transition from one layer response to another. These models indicate a priori that there is a large parameter space where stabilization of the RWM by rotation is possible. However, if experimentally realistic timescales and rotation, namely O(1)% ΩA, are considered then only a small window for stabilization exists. It is therefore unlikely that these mechanisms explain the observed experimental RWM stabilization. It seems that other physical effects, such as toroidal mode coupling in the outer equilibrium or pressure gradients in a toroidal geometry, will be responsible for stabilization.

日本語訳

トカマクにおける核融合出力はβ²(βはプラズマ圧力と磁場圧力の比)に比例して増大するため、高β運転を妨げる抵抗性壁モード(RWM)などの不安定性の抑制が重要である。プラズマ回転周波数がアルフヴェン回転周波数Ω_Aの1%未満である場合にRWMの安定化が観測されており、円柱プラズマ中の共鳴層を考慮した解析モデルが議論される。ここでは、Porcelli(1987 Phys. Fluids 30 1734)の層理論を用いて共鳴層内の物理をモデル化し、プラズマ平衡と層物理を結びつける分散関係を導出する。RWM安定化の2つのメカニズムを検討する。第1は共鳴層内の粘性効果、第2は層応答の遷移による安定化である。これらのモデルは、回転による安定化が可能な広いパラメータ空間が存在することを事前に示す。しかし、実験的に現実的な時間スケールと回転(すなわちΩ_Aの1%程度)を考慮すると、安定化が可能な窓は狭い。したがって、これらのメカニズムだけでは実験で観測されるRWM安定化を説明することは困難であり、トロイダル幾何学における外部平衡のトロイダルモード結合や圧力勾配などの他の物理効果が安定化に寄与していると考えられる。

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