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Mitigation of the tracer impurity accumulation by EC heating in the LHD

N Tamura, S Sudo, C Suzuki, H Funaba, Y Nakamura, K Tanaka, M Yoshinuma, K Ida, The LHD Experiment Group2016年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The mitigation of a tracer impurity accumulation in the core region of high-temperature helical plasma was clearly observed by applying electron cyclotron heating (ECH) in the large helical device (LHD). In the LHD, the accumulation of impurities toward the centre of the plasma has been observed in a high-density regime. In this study, for observing clearly the behaviour of impurity ions in the plasma core, the extrinsic 'tracer' impurity was injected into that region by means of a tracer-encapsulated solid pellet (TESPEL). The high-density LHD plasma without ECH definitely shows the strong impurity accumulation, and then it causes the reduction in electron and ion temperatures in the core region. When ECH was applied just after the TESPEL injection, the accumulation of the tracer impurity ions was mitigated. Even after ECH was switched-off, the intensities of the line emissions from the highly-ionized tracer impurity were increased very slightly. The micro-turbulence measurement with a 2-dimensional phase contrast imaging diagnostic during ECH does not support the view that the change in the micro-turbulence would enhance the outward flow (an increase in a diffusive flux, a decrease in an inward convective flux and/or a change the direction of the convective flux from inward to outward) of the impurity ions. Moreover, at this moment, there is no conclusive data regarding a radial electric field measured with a charge exchange spectroscopy diagnostic to support the view that the change in the radial electric field would be attributed to the increment in the outward flow of the impurity ions from the core region of the LHD plasma.

日本語訳

大型ヘリカル装置(LHD)における高温度プラズマのコア領域でのトレーサー不純物の蓄積が、電子サイクロトロン加熱(ECH)を適用することによって明確に緩和されることが観測された。LHDでは、高密度領域においてプラズマ中心部への不純物の蓄積が観測されている。本研究では、プラズマコアにおける不純物イオンの挙動を明確に観測するため、トレーサー内包固体ペレット(TESPEL)を用いて外部から導入した「トレーサー」不純物をコア領域に注入した。ECHを適用しない高密度LHDプラズマでは、明確な不純物の強い蓄積が観測され、それによりコア領域の電子温度およびイオン温度の低下が引き起こされた。TESPEL注入直後にECHを適用した場合、トレーサー不純物イオンの蓄積は緩和された。ECHを停止した後も、高電離トレーサー不純物からの発光強度の増加はごくわずかであった。ECH中の2次元位相コントラストイメージング診断による微視的乱流測定は、微視的乱流の変化が不純物の外向き流束(拡散流束の増加、内向き対流流束の減少、および/または対流流束の方向が内向きから外向きへ変化すること)を促進するという見解を支持するものではなかった。さらに、現時点では、電荷交換分光診断によって測定された動径電場の変化が、LHDプラズマのコア領域からの不純物イオンの外向き流束の増加に寄与するという見解を支持する決定的なデータは得られていない。

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