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High temperature superconductors for fusion magnets

Pierluigi Bruzzone, Walter H. Fietz, Joseph V. Minervini, Mikhail Novikov, Nagato Yanagi, Yuhu Zhai, Jinxing Zheng2018年被引用 164Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The commercially available high temperature superconductors (HTS) tapes and wires (BSSCO and REBCO) are introduced and the past and present projects to build fusion devices using HTS based magnets are reviewed. The main design options for high current, high field conductors are presented with the related R&D and the open issues. Depending on the material, the cable layout and the application specific needs, the challenges for HTS magnet technology are different, ranging from the anisotropic properties of the REBCO tapes, to the large volume heat treatment under high pressure for Bi-2212, to the ability to withstand the large transverse loads, to the optimization of the electrical connections for segmented coil assembly, to the ambitious target of fully demountable TF coils for tokamaks. For the generation of magnetic fields larger than 18–20 T, the HTS represents the enabling technology. The use of the expensive HTS can be better justified for applications, which are out of range for conventional, low temperature superconductors (LTS). Eventually, a roadmap for future R&D is sketched focusing on medium term technology milestones, e.g. addressing the issue of quench protection in HTS large magnets, the industrial manufacture of robust high current HTS cables and the engineering design/demonstration of demountable winding packs.

日本語訳

市販の高温超伝導体(HTS)テープおよびワイヤー(BSSCOおよびREBCO)を紹介し、HTS磁石を用いた核融合装置を建設するための過去および現在のプロジェクトを概説する。高電流・高磁場導体の主要な設計オプションを、関連する研究開発および未解決課題とともに提示する。HTS磁石の技術的課題は、材料、ケーブル配置、および用途固有の要件に応じて異なり、REBCOテープの異方性特性、Bi-2212の高圧下での大規模熱処理、大きな横方向荷重への耐性、分割型コイル組立のための電気接続の最適化、そしてトカマク用の完全着脱式トロイダル磁場(TF)コイルという野心的な目標にまで及ぶ。18~20Tを超える磁場の生成において、HTSはそれを実現可能にする技術である。高価なHTSの使用は、従来の低温超伝導体(LTS)では対応不可能な用途において、より正当化される。最後に、中期的な技術マイルストーンに焦点を当てた将来の研究開発ロードマップを概説する。例えば、HTS大型磁石におけるクエンチ保護の問題への対応、堅牢な高電流HTSケーブルの工業的製造、そして着脱式巻線パックの工学的設計・実証などである。

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