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Self-organized confinement by magnetic dipole: recent results from RT-1 and theoretical modeling

Z Yoshida, H Saitoh, Y Yano, H Mikami, N Kasaoka, W Sakamoto, J Morikawa, M Furukawa, S M Mahajan2013年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Inhomogeneous magnetic field gives rise to interesting properties of plasmas which are degenerate in homogeneous (or zero) magnetic fields. Magnetospheric plasmas, as observed commonly in the Universe, are the most simple, natural realization of strongly inhomogeneous structures created spontaneously in the vicinity of magnetic dipoles. The RT-1 device produces a 'laboratory magnetosphere' by which stable confinement (particle and energy confinement times ∼0.5 s) of high-β (local electron β ∼ 0.7; electron temperature ≳10 keV) plasma is achieved. By producing a pure-electron plasma, we obtain clear-cut evidence of inward (or up-hill) diffusion of particles. A statistical mechanical model reveals the 'distortion' of phase space, induced by the inhomogeneity of the ambient magnetic field, on which the plasma relaxes into an equilibrium with inhomogeneous density while it maximizes the entropy.

日本語訳

不均一磁場は、均一(またはゼロ)磁場中で縮退したプラズマに興味深い性質を与える。宇宙で一般的に観測される磁気圏プラズマは、磁気双極子の近傍に自発的に形成される強く不均一な構造の、最も単純な自然実現である。RT-1装置は「実験室磁気圏」を生成し、これにより高β(局所電子β ∼ 0.7;電子温度 ≳10 keV)プラズマの安定閉じ込め(粒子およびエネルギー閉じ込め時間 ∼0.5 秒)が達成される。純電子プラズマを生成することにより、粒子の内向き(または上り坂)拡散の明確な証拠が得られる。統計力学モデルは、周囲磁場の不均一性によって誘起される位相空間の「歪み」を明らかにし、その上でプラズマはエントロピーを最大化しながら、不均一な密度を持つ平衡状態へと緩和する。

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