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Influence of a magnetic field on plasma energy transfer to material surfaces in edge-localized mode simulation experiments with QSPA-M

I.E. Garkusha, V.A. Makhlai, Yu.V. Petrov, V.V. Chebotarev, D.V. Yelisyeyev, N.V. Kulik, V.V. Staltsov, S.S. Herashchenko, D.G. Solyakov, M.S. Ladygina2019年被引用 12Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The features of plasma energy transfer to material surfaces during plasma–surface interactions (PSIs) in the presence of a strong magnetic field are investigated within the recently developed quasi-stationary plasma accelerator, QSPA-M. This novel PSI test-bed facility can reproduce edge localized mode (ELM) impacts, both in terms of heat load and particle flux to the surface, and provide plasma transportation in an external magnetic field, which mimics the divertor conditions. Investigations of energy transfer to the material surface have been performed for varied plasma heat load and external magnetic field values. Calorimetry, optical emission spectroscopy and high-speed imaging were applied for PSI characterization. For perpendicular plasma incidence, it has been shown that the transient plasma layer is formed in front of the surface by the stopped head of the plasma stream even for rather small plasma heat loads, which do not result in surface melting. The plasma density in this near-surface layer is much higher than in the impacting stream. It leads to the arisen screening effect for energy transfer to the surface. For B  =  0, the thickness of the screening layer is less than 3 cm, but it increases to 15 cm when B  =  0.8 T. The shielding effect due to the formation of a dense plasma layer in front of the exposed surface should be favorable for material performance, being important for decreasing the overall erosion of plasma-facing components during a large number of repetitive ELMs.

日本語訳

強磁場存在下でのプラズマ–表面相互作用(PSIs)中における材料表面へのプラズマエネルギー輸送の特徴は、最近開発された準定常プラズマ加速器QSPA-Mにおいて調査されている。この新しいPSIテストベッド施設は、表面への熱負荷と粒子フラックスの両方の観点で周辺局在モード(ELM)の影響を再現でき、ダイバータ条件を模擬する外部磁場中でのプラズマ輸送を提供する。材料表面へのエネルギー輸送の調査は、様々なプラズマ熱負荷および外部磁場値に対して実施された。熱量測定、発光分光法、および高速撮像がPSI特性評価に適用された。垂直なプラズマ入射の場合、表面溶融を引き起こさないかなり小さなプラズマ熱負荷であっても、プラズマ流の停止した先頭部によって表面の前方に過渡的プラズマ層が形成されることが示されている。この表面近傍層のプラズマ密度は、入射流中よりもはるかに高い。これは、表面へのエネルギー輸送に対する遮蔽効果の発生をもたらす。B = 0の場合、遮蔽層の厚さは3 cm未満であるが、B = 0.8 Tでは15 cmに増加する。曝露表面の前方での高密度プラズマ層の形成による遮蔽効果は、材料性能にとって有利であるはずであり、多数の反復ELM中のプラズマ対向機器の全体的な浸食を低減するために重要である。

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