The experimental and theoretical analysis were focused on experiments conducted to assess the effect of plasma isotopes, protium (H), deuterium (D), and tritium (T) on ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) related plasma wall interactions. Comparison of L-mode discharges with N = 1 3He and N = 1 H minority ICRH heating scenarios were done for different isotopes. For the selected pulses, the behaviour of high-Z, mid-Z and low-Z intrinsic impurity and radiated power behaviour was investigated based on data from VUV, visible spectroscopy, and bolometry diagnostic at Joint European Torus. It was found that for N = 1 3He scenario during radiofrequency antennas operation, core W, Ni content, Be source and the radiated power are higher for π/2 in comparison to dipole antenna phasing. Lowest core Ni, W content and radiated power is clearly observed for H plasmas in comparison to D and T, where for this ICRH scenario behaviour was similar. However, lower Be photon flux is observed for T in comparison to D plasmas. Be sputtering by He particles is responsible for such an effect. Additionally, several computer simulations were conducted using the COREDIV code. The difference in the electron temperature was due to the difference in the isotope masses. Increased temperature in the central plasma in the case of T plasmas leads to higher radiation in the central plasma in comparison to H plasmas. As a result, the power across separatrix is lower and the temperature on the divertor plate decreases with the increase of the isotope mass. At these temperatures on the divertor plate, W is not sputtered by the main plasma ions H, D and T and by He. For the N = 1 H ICRH scenario clear difference between D and T plasma was observed with higher metallic impurity content for T plasma in comparison to D. Impurity content in the plasmas is found to be sensitive to the power balance between the antenna straps. Its minimum is observed for the maximum of Pcen/Ptot.
This paper investigates the impact of different plasma isotopes (H, D, T) on impurity generation and control during ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) in fusion experiments at JET. It compares impurity levels, radiated power, and divertor temperatures for various ICRH scenarios, finding differences between isotopes that can inform fusion reactor design and operation.