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Fast z-pinches as dense plasma, intense x-ray sources for plasma physics and fusion applications

M K Matzen, C Deeney, R J Leeper, J L Porter, R B Spielman, G A Chandler, M S Derzon, M R Douglas, D L Fehl, D E Hebron1999年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

As a result of advances in fast pulsed-power technology and cylindrical load fabrication, the Z pulsed-power accelerator at Sandia National Laboratories drives currents approaching 20 MA with a rise time of approximately 100 ns through cylindrically-symmetric loads (typically a cylindrical array consisting of a few hundred wires) to produce plasma densities in excess of , x-ray output energies approaching 2 MJ, radiation pulses as short as 4 ns and peak x-ray powers as high as . More than 15% of the stored electrical energy in the Z pulsed-power accelerator is converted into x-rays. The plasma pressures at peak compression are several TPa with electron temperatures that can exceed 3 keV at containment magnetic fields exceeding 1000 T. Depending on the atomic number and composition of the imploding plasma, these z-pinches can be tailored to produce intense sources of thermal x-rays, keV x-rays or neutrons. Although applications of these x-ray sources have included research in radiation material interaction, equations of state, opacity, astrophysics and x-ray lasers, the principal focus of the present research is to use them for indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF).

日本語訳

要約: 高速パルスパワー技術と円筒状負荷作製の進歩の結果として、サンディア国立研究所のZパルスパワー加速器は、約100 nsの立ち上がり時間で約20 MAに達する電流を円筒対称負荷(典型的には数百本のワイヤからなる円筒状アレイ)に流し、それを超えるプラズマ密度、約2 MJに達するX線出力エネルギー、最短4 nsの放射パルス、そして最大のピークX線出力を生成する。Zパルスパワー加速器に蓄えられた電気エネルギーの15%以上がX線に変換される。ピーク圧縮時のプラズマ圧力は数TPaに達し、電子温度は1000 Tを超える閉じ込め磁場下で3 keVを超えることがある。収束するプラズマの原子番号と組成に応じて、これらのZピンチは、熱X線、keV X線、または中性子の強力な源を生成するように調整できる。これらのX線源の応用には、放射線と物質の相互作用、状態方程式、不透明度、天体物理学、X線レーザーに関する研究が含まれてきたが、現在の研究の主な焦点は、間接駆動慣性核融合(ICF)への応用である。

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