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Indirectly driven targets for inertial confinement fusion

M. Murakami, J. Meyer-ter-Vehn1991年被引用 105Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The physics of indirectly driven targets for inertial confinement fusion — so-called hohlraum targets — is investigated. Scaling relations for radiation heat waves in high-Z and low-Z materials are derived from one-dimensional multigroup simulation. A two-temperature model is developed for radiation cavities including fusion capsules. The efficiency of X-ray transfer to the capsule by multiple absorption and re-emission inside the cavity is obtained as a function of cavity areas and materials. Using gold for the cavity wall and carbon for the capsule ablator, transfer efficiencies between 50% and 33% are obtained for area ratios between 5 and 10, respectively. Also the hydrodynamic efficiency of X-ray driven capsule implosion and the dependence of the implosion velocity on the hohlraum temperature are given analytically, derived from the rocket model. With carbon ablators, hydroefficiencies of up to 20% can be achieved. Under optimal conditions, an implosion velocity of 3 × 107 cm/s is reached with a temperature of about 210 eV of the capsule ablator and about 250 eV of the cavity wall. Assuming 70–90% conversion efficiency of beam energy into X-rays (not analysed in this paper), overall coupling efficiencies in the range of 5–10% seem to be possible. One-dimensional simulations of full reactor size targets (10 MJ driver pulses) are presented. The model results compare well with the simulations. Limits in scaling down to smaller systems are discussed; the scaling relation for the required enhancement of implosion velocity and hohlraum temperature is derived.

日本語訳

間接駆動型慣性核融合の標的、いわゆるホーラム標的の物理を調査する。高Zおよび低Z材料における放射熱波のスケーリング則を、一次元多群シミュレーションから導出する。核融合標的を含む放射空洞に対する二温度モデルを構築する。空洞内での多重吸収・再放射によるX線の標的への輸送効率を、空洞面積と材料の関数として求める。空洞壁に金、標的アブレータに炭素を用いた場合、面積比5〜10に対して輸送効率50%〜33%が得られる。また、X線駆動による標的爆縮の流体力学的効率と、爆縮速度のホーラム温度依存性を、ロケットモデルから解析的に与える。炭素アブレータを用いた場合、流体力学的効率は最大20%に達する。最適条件下では、標的アブレータ温度約210 eV、空洞壁温度約250 eVで、爆縮速度3×10^7 cm/sが達成される。ビームエネルギーのX線への変換効率を70〜90%と仮定すると(本論文では扱わない)、全体の結合効率は5〜10%の範囲となり得る。実機規模の標的(10 MJドライバーパルス)に対する一次元シミュレーションを示す。モデル結果はシミュレーションとよく一致する。より小規模なシステムへのスケールダウンの限界について議論し、爆縮速度とホーラム温度の必要な増強に関するスケーリング則を導出する。

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