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Prompt ignition of a unipolar arc on helium irradiated tungsten

Shin Kajita, Shuichi Takamura, Noriyasu Ohno2009年被引用 113Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

A fibreform nanostructured layer is formed on a tungsten surface by helium plasma bombardment. The helium fluence was of the order of 1026 m−2, and the surface temperature and incident ion energy during helium irradiation were, respectively, 1900 K and 75 eV. By irradiating a laser pulse to the surface in the plasma, a unipolar arc, which many people have tried to verify in well-defined experiments, is promptly initiated and continued for a much longer time than the laser pulse width. The laser pulse width (∼0.6 ms) and power (∼5 MJ m−2) are similar to the heat load accompanied by type-I edge localized modes (ELMs) in ITER. The unipolar arc is verified from an increase in the floating potential, a moving arc spot detected by a fast camera and arcing traces on the surface. This result suggests that the nanostructure on the tungsten surface formed by the bombardment of helium, which is a fusion product, could significantly change the ignition property of arcing, and ELMs become a trigger of unipolar arcing, which would be a great impurity source in fusion devices.

日本語訳

タングステン表面にヘリウムプラズマ照射によりファイバー状ナノ構造層が形成される。ヘリウムフルエンスは10²⁶ m⁻²のオーダーであり、ヘリウム照射中の表面温度と入射イオンエネルギーはそれぞれ1900 Kおよび75 eVであった。プラズマ中で表面にレーザーパルスを照射することにより、多くの研究者が明確な実験条件下での検証を試みてきた単極アークが即座に発生し、レーザーパルス幅よりもはるかに長い時間継続した。レーザーパルス幅(約0.6 ms)とパワー密度(約5 MJ m⁻²)は、ITERにおけるタイプI周辺局在モード(ELM)に伴う熱負荷と類似している。単極アークは、浮遊電位の上昇、高速カメラで検出されたアークスポットの移動、および表面のアーク痕跡によって検証された。この結果は、核融合生成物であるヘリウムの照射によってタングステン表面に形成されたナノ構造が、アーク発生の開始特性を著しく変化させる可能性があり、ELMが単極アークのトリガーとなることで、核融合装置における大きな不純物源となり得ることを示唆している。

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