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Conceptual design of an evaporation-cooled liquid metal divertor for fusion power plants

J Reimann, L Barleon, L Boccaccini, S Malang2001年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractIn fusion power plant divertors a significant portion of the total fusion power is absorbed. In order to achieve a high thermal plant efficiency this power has to be removed at high temperature levels. This calls for innovative designs which differ from those proposed for experimental fusion machines. In this study, evaporation cooling of liquid metals is considered evaluating: (i) a concept based on pool boiling; and (ii) a concept based on the transport of liquid through a capillary layer and evaporation at the surface of this layer. The latter concept employs characteristic features of high heat flux liquid metal heat pipes. Both concepts are characterised by the operation at high temperatures (between 750 and 1200 °C, depending on the choice of the liquid metal) but small stresses due to small temperature differences and operating pressures. The second concept is assessed to have the potential of significantly higher heat loads (in space craft applications heat loads of much larger than 10 MW/m2 were reached). A conceptional design description is presented; divertor relevant performance limits are estimated and open issues and the required R&D work are briefly addressed.

日本語訳

核融合発電所のダイバータにおいて、全核融合出力のかなりの部分が吸収される。高いプラント熱効率を達成するためには、この出力を高温レベルで除去しなければならない。そのためには、実験用核融合装置向けに提案された設計とは異なる革新的な設計が必要となる。本研究では、液体金属の蒸発冷却を検討し、(i)プール沸騰に基づく概念、および(ii)毛細管層を通した液体の輸送とその層表面での蒸発に基づく概念を評価する。後者の概念は、高熱流束液体金属ヒートパイプの特徴的な特性を活用するものである。両概念とも、高温(液体金属の選択に応じて750〜1200°C)での動作を特徴とするが、温度差と動作圧力が小さいため応力は小さい。第2の概念は、著しく高い熱負荷の可能性を有すると評価される(宇宙機用途では10 MW/m²をはるかに超える熱負荷が達成された)。概念設計の記述を示し、ダイバータ関連の性能限界を評価し、未解決の問題と必要な研究開発作業について簡潔に考察する。

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DivertorLiquid metalFusion power plant
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