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Development of a portable pulsed fast ⩾106 neutron generator based on a flexible miniature plasma focus tube

Ram Niranjan, Rohit Srivastava, J Joycee, K D Joshi2023年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

A plasma focus device is a laboratory fusion device that is used to produce pulsed neutrons for a few tens of ns duration. A compact plasma focus tube (volume ≈ 130 cm3) has been developed, and this was connected to a newly developed capacitor bank using 24 coaxial cables, each 10 m long. The capacitor bank was of compact size and consisted of four energy storage capacitors (each 6 µF, 20 kV, size: 20 cm × 20 cm × 30 cm). The peak discharge current of the capacitor bank was estimated to be 176 kA with a rise time of around 3.6 µs at maximum 4.8 kJ operation energy. The average neutron yield was observed to be maximum (3.1 ± 1.0) × 106 neutrons/pulse with a pulse duration of 15–25 ns at an operating energy of 2.7 kJ (15 kV) and deuterium gas filling pressure of 4 mbar. Long coaxial cables allow only the plasma focus head (neutron source) to be moved as per need, making this a portable pulsed neutron source that is useful in many applications, including in extreme conditions, such as in borehole logging applications for oil and mineral mapping. This report describes the various components of this portable neutron generator together with its neutron emission characteristics.

日本語訳

プラズマフォーカス装置は、数十ナノ秒の持続時間を持つパルス中性子を生成するために使用される実験室規模の融合装置である。コンパクトなプラズマフォーカス管(体積≈130 cm³)が開発され、これは新たに開発されたコンデンサバンクに、それぞれ長さ10 mの24本の同軸ケーブルを用いて接続された。コンデンサバンクはコンパクトなサイズで、4つのエネルギー貯蔵コンデンサ(各6 µF、20 kV、寸法:20 cm × 20 cm × 30 cm)から構成されていた。コンデンサバンクのピーク放電電流は、最大4.8 kJの動作エネルギーにおいて、立ち上がり時間約3.6 µsで176 kAと推定された。平均中性子収量は、2.7 kJの動作エネルギー(15 kV)および重水素ガス充填圧力4 mbarにおいて、パルス持続時間15〜25 nsで最大(3.1 ± 1.0)× 10⁶ 中性子/パルスが観測された。長い同軸ケーブルにより、プラズマフォーカスヘッド(中性子源)のみを必要に応じて移動させることが可能となり、これにより本装置は、石油・鉱物探査のための坑井検層アプリケーションなどの過酷な条件下を含む多くの用途で有用な可搬型パルス中性子源となっている。本報告書では、この可搬型中性子源の各種構成要素と、その中性子放出特性について述べる。

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