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Conceptual design of divertor and first wall for DEMO-FNS

V.Yu. Sergeev, B.V. Kuteev, A.S. Bykov, A.A. Gervash, D.A. Glazunov, P.R. Goncharov, A.Yu. Dnestrovskij, R.R. Khayrutdinov, A.V. Klishchenko, V.E. Lukash2015年被引用 8Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Key issues of design of the divertor and the first wall of DEMO-FNS are presented. A double null closed magnetic configuration was chosen with long external legs and V-shaped corners. The divertor employs a cassette design similar to that of ITER. Water-cooled first wall of the tokamak is made of Be tiles and CuCrZr-stainless steel shells. Lithium injection and circulation technologies are foreseen for protection of plasma facing components. Simulations of thermal loads onto the first wall and divertor plates suggest a possibility to distribute heat loads making them less than 10 MW m−2. Evaluations of sputtering and evaporation of plasma-facing materials suggest that lithium may protect the first wall. To prevent Be erosion at the outer divertor plates either the full detached divertor operation or arrangement of the renewal lithium flow on targets should be implemented. Test bed experiments on the Tsefey-M facility with the first wall mockup coated by Ве tiles and cooled by water are presented. The temperature of the surface of tiles reached 280–300 °С at 5 MW m−2 and 600–650 °С at 10.5 MW m−2. The mockup successfully withstood 1000 cycles with the lower thermal loading and 100 cycles with higher thermal loading.

日本語訳

DEMO-FNSのダイバータと第一壁の設計における主要な課題を提示する。長い脚部とV字型コーナーを有する閉じた磁気配位が選択された。ダイバータはITERと同様のカセット設計を採用している。トカマクの水冷第一壁はBeタイルとCuCrZr-ステンレス鋼で構成される。プラズマ対向機器の保護のためにリチウム注入・循環技術が想定されている。第一壁とダイバータ板への熱負荷のシミュレーションにより、熱流束を10 MW m⁻²未満に分散させる可能性が示唆された。スパッタリングと蒸発の評価から、リチウムが第一壁を保護し得ることが示唆されている。外部ダイバータ板でのBe侵食を防ぐには、完全非接触ダイバータ運転またはターゲットへのリチウム流の再配置のいずれかを実施すべきである。Beタイルで被覆され水冷された第一壁モックアップを用いたTsefey-M試験装置での実験結果を示す。タイル表面温度は5 MW m⁻²で280~300°C、10.5 MW m⁻²で600~650°Cに達した。モックアップは低熱負荷で1000サイクル、高熱負荷で100サイクルの試験に耐えた。

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