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Experiments in FTU with different limiter materials

M.L. Apicella, G. Apruzzese, M. Borra, G. Bracco, M. Ciotti, I. Condrea, F. Crisanti, R. De Angelis, C. Ferro, L. Gabellieri1997年被引用 34Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Over the last few years, a great deal of effort has been devoted to solving the problem of power and particle handling in divertors, which has been recognized as a critical issue for the operation of a magnetic fusion reactor. In particular, the choice of materials for plasma facing components has been examined with a view to developing heat and erosion resistant materials for divertor target plates. A large database on the behaviour of low-Z (carbon or beryllium) materials in tokamaks is available, while for high-Z materials there is little experience in the present generation of magnetic fusion devices. Frascati Tokamak Upgrade (FTU), a high field compact tokamak, has devoted part of its experimental campaign to studying the plasma characteristics when its limiter material is changed from the usual Inconel (nickel) to molybdenum and tungsten. Siliconization of the machine has also allowed the comparison of plasma performance when a relatively low-Z (silicon) ion is the dominant impurity. In this article, results are reported concerning the plasma operation, the differences in plasma characteristics and radiation losses, the impurity generation mechanisms and the relative impurity concentrations in the core plasma. A simulation of the experimental results, made with a self-consistent edge-core coupled model is presented, in order to provide evidence of the main physics mechanisms responsible for the observed behaviour

日本語訳

ここ数年、ダイバータにおける電力と粒子の処理の問題を解決するために多大な努力が払われてきた。この問題は、磁気核融合炉の運転にとって重要な課題として認識されている。特に、プラズマ対向材料の選択については、ダイバータ標的板用の耐熱・耐浸食材料の開発を目的として検討されてきた。低Z(炭素またはベリリウム)材料のトカマクにおける挙動については、大規模なデータベースが利用可能である一方、高Z材料については、現在の世代の磁気核融合装置における経験はほとんどない。Frascati Tokamak Upgrade(FTU)は、高磁場コンパクトトカマクであり、その実験キャンペーンの一部を、リミター材料を通常のインコネル(ニッケル)からモリブデンおよびタングステンに変更した際のプラズマ特性の研究に充ててきた。また、装置のシリコン化により、比較的低Z(シリコン)イオンが主要な不純物となる場合のプラズマ性能の比較も可能となった。本論文では、プラズマ運転、プラズマ特性と放射損失の差異、不純物生成機構、およびコアプラズマ中の相対的不純物濃度に関する結果を報告する。さらに、観測された挙動の主な物理機構を実証するために、自己無撞着なエッジ・コア結合モデルを用いた実験結果のシミュレーションを提示する。

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