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Effects of runaway electrons on plasma facing components

T. Kunugi1993年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractThe electron gamma shower code EGS4 was applied to the simulation of energy deposition due to runaway electrons in the plasma facing components of tokamaks. By taking into account the magnetic field, we calculated the energy deposition in the layers of carbon and molybdenum irradiated by electrons with energies from 10 to 300 MeV and an incident angle from 0.5° to 25°. For a simplified model, the influence of the magnetic field was reduced with increase of the incident energies and angles of the runaway electrons. The energy deposition in the materials was observed to be independent on the incident angles and energies over 100 MeV. Moreover, we found no effects of the inclination of the magnetic field on the energy deposition in the substrate. For the proposed ITER divertor models, we found the energy deposition inside the water and coolant tube was high due to the magnetic fields. Because of the deep penetration of the runaway electrons due to the magnetic field, the deposited energy in the copper structure was increased. The present results suggest that the divertor materials and its structure need to be modified against the impacts of the runaway electrons.

日本語訳

電子ガンマ線輸送コードEGS4を適用し、トカマクのプラズマ対向機器における逃走電子によるエネルギー沈着のシミュレーションを行った。磁場を考慮して、エネルギー10~300 MeV、入射角0.5°~25°の電子を照射された炭素層およびモリブデン層におけるエネルギー沈着を計算した。簡略化したモデルでは、入射エネルギーおよび入射角の増加に伴い、磁場の影響は減少した。材料中のエネルギー沈着は、100 MeV以上の入射エネルギーおよび入射角に対してほぼ独立であることが観察された。さらに、基板におけるエネルギー沈着に対する磁場の傾きの影響は見られなかった。提案したITERダイバータモデルでは、磁場により、水および冷却管内のエネルギー沈着が高いことが判明した。逃走電子の磁場による深い浸透の結果、銅構造体におけるエネルギー沈着が増加した。これらの結果は、ダイバータ材料および構造が、逃走電子の衝撃に対して修正される必要があることを示唆している。

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Plasma-facing componentRunaway electron
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