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Power balance in an Ohmically heated fusion reactor

J.P. Christiansen, K.V. Roberts1982年被引用 5Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

A simplified power-balance equation (zero-dimensional model) is used to study the performance of an Ohmically heated fusion reactor with emphasis on a pulsed reversed-field pinch concept (RFP). The energy confinement time τE is treated as an adjustable function, and empirical tokamak scaling laws are employed in the numerical estimates, which are supplemented by 1-D ATHENE code calculations. The known heating rates and energy losses are represented by the net energy replacement time τW, which is exhibited as a surface in density (n) and temperature (T) space with a saddle point (n*, T*), the optimum ignition point. It is concluded that i) ignition by Ohmic heating is more practicable for the RFP reactor than for a tokamak reactor with the same τE, (ii) if at fixed current the minor radius can be reduced or at fixed minor radius the current can be increased, then it is found that Ohmic ignition becomes more likely when present tokamak scaling laws are used. More definitive estimates require, however, a knowledge of τE, which can only be obtained by establishing a reliable set of experimental RFP scaling laws and, in particular, by extending RFP experiments closer to the reactor regime.

日本語訳

簡略化されたパワーバランス方程式(零次元モデル)を用いて、パルス運転の反転磁場ピンチ概念(RFP)に重点を置いたオーミック加熱核融合炉の性能を研究する。エネルギー閉じ込め時間τEは調整可能な関数として扱われ、経験的なトカマク則が数値評価に用いられ、これらは1次元ATHENEコード計算によって補完される。既知の加熱率とエネルギー損失率は、正味のエネルギー置換時間τWとして表され、これは密度(n)と温度(T)の空間における曲面として示され、鞍点(n*,T*)すなわち最適点火点を有する。結論として、i)オーミック加熱による点火は、同じτEを持つトカマク炉よりもRFP炉の方が実現しやすく、ii)電流が固定されている場合には小半径を縮小できるか、小半径が固定されている場合には電流を増加できるならば、現在のトカマク則を用いるとオーミック点火がより達成可能になることが示される。しかしながら、より確定的な評価にはτEの知識が必要であり、これは信頼性の高い実験的RFP則の確立と、特にRFP実験を炉心条件に近づけることによってのみ得られる。

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