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Test particles dynamics in the JOREK 3D non-linear MHD code and application to electron transport in a disruption simulation

C. Sommariva, E. Nardon, P. Beyer, M. Hoelzl, G.T.A. Huijsmans, D. van Vugt, JET Contributors2018年被引用 37Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

In order to contribute to the understanding of runaway electron generation mechanisms during tokamak disruptions, a test particle tracker is introduced in the JOREK 3D non-linear MHD code, able to compute both full and guiding center relativistic orbits. Tests of the module show good conservation of the invariants of motion and consistency between full orbit and guiding center solutions. A first application is presented where test electron confinement properties are investigated in a massive gas injection-triggered disruption simulation in JET-like geometry. It is found that electron populations initialised before the thermal quench (TQ) are typically not fully deconfined in spite of the global stochasticity of the magnetic field during the TQ. The fraction of 'survivors' decreases from a few tens down to a few tenths of percent as the electron energy varies from 1 keV to 10 MeV. The underlying mechanism for electron 'survival' is the prompt reformation of closed magnetic surfaces at the plasma core and, to a smaller extent, the subsequent reappearance of a magnetic surface at the edge. It is also found that electrons are less deconfined at 10 MeV than at 1 MeV, which appears consistent with a phase averaging effect due to orbit shifts at high energy.

日本語訳

トカマク崩壊中の逃走電子生成機構の理解に貢献するため、JOREK 3次元非線形MHDコードにテスト粒子追跡コードを導入し、完全軌道とガイディングセンター軌道の両方を計算可能にした。このモジュールのテストでは、運動不変量の良好な保存と、完全軌道解とガイディングセンター解の間の整合性が示された。最初の応用として、JET類似形状における大量ガス入射誘起崩壊シミュレーションにおいて、テスト電子の閉じ込め特性を調査した。熱クエンチ(TQ)前に初期化された電子集団は、TQ中の磁場の大域的ストカスティシティにもかかわらず、典型的には完全には非閉じ込め化されないことが見出された。「生存者」の割合は、電子エネルギーが1 keVから10 MeVに変化するにつれて、数十パーセントから数十分の一パーセントまで減少する。電子の「生存」の背後にある機構は、プラズマコアにおける閉磁気面の迅速な再形成であり、より小さな程度ではあるが、その後のエッジにおける磁気面の再出現である。また、電子は1 MeVよりも10 MeVにおいて非閉じ込め化の程度が低いことも見出され、これは高エネルギーにおける軌道シフトによる位相平均効果と整合的である。

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jet低精度(概要文一致)

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MagnetohydrodynamicsPlasma disruptionElectron transport
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