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Real-time control of internal transport barriers in JET

D Mazon, X Litaudon, D Moreau, M Riva, G Tresset, Y Baranov, A Bécoulet, J M Chareau, F Crisanti, R Dux2002年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

We present the results of recent experiments related to real-time control of internal transport barriers (ITBs) in JET. Using a simple criterion to characterize the ITB existence, location and strength, we have successfully controlled for the first time the radial electron temperature profile within the ITB. The dimensionless variable used in the real-time algorithm - ratio of the ion gyro-radius to the local gradient scale length of the electron temperature - is a measure of the normalized electron temperature gradient and characterizes satisfactorily the main ITB features with a relatively low computational cost. We show several examples of control of this variable in various experimental conditions of toroidal field and plasma current, using different heating systems as control actuators. We also present a double-loop feedback scheme where both the global neutron rate from D-D reactions and the ITB strength are controlled simultaneously. In this case the ITB is sustained in a fully non-inductive current drive regime during several seconds. With the proposed control method, disruptions are avoided by holding the plasma performance at a prescribed target and this opens the route towards stationary operation of tokamak plasmas with ITBs. Initial results suggest that the additional control of the current profile is an important issue for achieving steady-state operation, in particular in the triggering and the sustainment of the ITB.

日本語訳

我々は、JETにおける内部輸送障壁(ITB)のリアルタイム制御に関連する最近の実験結果を提示する。ITBの存在、位置、強度を特徴付ける簡潔な基準を用いて、我々はITB内の電子温度径方向分布の制御に初めて成功した。リアルタイムアルゴリズムで使用される無次元変数——イオンジャイロ半径と電子温度の局所勾配スケール長の比——は、電子温度の規格化勾配の尺度であり、比較的低い計算コストでITBの主要な特徴を良好に特徴付ける。我々は、異なる加熱システムを制御アクチュエータとして使用し、トロイダル磁場とプラズマ電流の様々な実験条件下でのこの変数の制御例をいくつか示す。また、D-D反応による全球中性子率とITB強度の両方を同時に制御する二重ループフィードバックスキームも提示する。この場合、ITBは完全非誘導電流駆動領域で数秒間維持される。提案された制御方法により、プラズマ性能を所定の目標値に保持することでディスラプションが回避され、これによりITBを有するトカマクプラズマの定常運転への道が開かれる。初期結果は、電流分布の追加制御が定常運転の達成、特にITBの形成と維持において重要な課題であることを示唆している。

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