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ITB formation in gyrokinetic flux-driven ITG/TEM turbulence

Kenji Imadera, Yasuaki Kishimoto2023年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The formation mechanism of internal transport barriers (ITBs) in flux-driven turbulence is studied by means of the full-f gyrokinetic code GKNET. In the adiabatic electron case with a weak magnetic shear configuration, toroidal momentum injection can change the radial mean electric field through radial force balance, leading to a kind of driven ITB formation in which the ion thermal diffusivity by ion temperature gradient (ITG) turbulence decreases to the neoclassical transport level. Only cocurrent toroidal rotation in the outer core region can benefit the ITB formation, and this mechanism is identified to originate from a positive feedback loop between the radial shear and resultant momentum flux. On the other hand, in the kinetic electron case with a reversed magnetic shear configuration, robust co-intrinsic rotation is driven near the surface in ITG turbulence and sustains the shear through the radial force balance, leading to the spontaneous reduction of ion turbulent thermal diffusivity, while this is not observed in the adiabatic electron case. In the presence of electron heating, counter-intrinsic rotation by trapped electron mode turbulence is selectively driven in the negative magnetic shear region, which provides steeper shear formation and a resultant larger reduction of ion turbulent thermal diffusivity. This indicates that the co-existence of different modes can trigger the 'discontinuity' of mode structure, intrinsic rotation, and resultant mean near , leading to spontaneous ITB formation.

日本語訳

フラックス駆動乱流における内部輸送障壁(ITB)の形成メカニズムを、full-fジャイロ運動論コードGKNETを用いて研究する。弱い磁気シア配位での断熱電子の場合、トロイダル運動量注入は動径力平衡を通じて動径平均電場を変化させ、イオン温度勾配(ITG)乱流によるイオン熱拡散係数がネオクラシカル輸送レベルまで低下する一種の駆動型ITB形成をもたらす。外側領域におけるコ回転方向のトロイダル回転のみがITB形成に有利であり、このメカニズムは動径E×Bシアとそれに伴う運動量束の間の正のフィードバックループに起因することが特定される。一方、逆磁気シア配位での運動論的電子の場合、ITG乱流においてコ方向の自発的回転が表面近傍で駆動され、動径力平衡を通じてE×Bシアを維持し、イオン乱流熱拡散係数の自発的低下をもたらすが、これは断熱電子の場合には観測されない。電子加熱の存在下では、負磁気シア領域において捕捉電子モード乱流による反コ方向の自発的回転が選択的に駆動され、より急峻なE×Bシア形成と、それに伴うイオン熱拡散係数のより大きな低下をもたらす。これは、異なるモードの共存がモード構造の「不連続性」、自発的回転、およびそれに伴うρ付近の平均E×Bシアを引き起こし、自発的ITB形成をもたらすことを示している。

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GyrokineticInternal transport barrierIon temperature gradient
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