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Mechanical tests on two batches of oxide dispersion strengthened RAFM steel (EUROFER97)

E Lucon2002年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractEUROFER97 is a 9CrWVTa reduced-activation ferritic–martensitic (RAFM) steel, modelled after the conventional T91 alloy (9Cr–1Mo–0.2V–0.08Nb); some of the elements in T91 that will transmute in a fusion neutron spectrum into high-energy radiation emitters with long-half life have been selectively replaced by other elements (W has replaced Mo and Ta has replaced Nb). Such replacements do not influence the mechanical properties but are beneficial from a reduced-activation point of view. The latest developments in the ferritic/martensitic steels for nuclear applications tend toward a fine microstructure with small prior austenite grains and a low number of inclusions, in order to achieve an optimal combination of toughness, strength and high-temperature properties. On the other hand, higher operating temperatures may translate into a better efficiency of power reactors; oxide dispersion strengthening (ODS) offers the potential of increasing the operating temperature of RAFM steels from 550 °C to about 625 °C, while retaining satisfactory mechanical properties. A mechanical characterisation of two ODS versions of EUROFER97 has been carried out at SCK-CEN by means of tensile and instrumented KLST Charpy tests. The two alloys, which contain different weight percentages of Y2O3 (0.3 and 0.5%), have been characterised in two orientations in the ‘as-HIPped’ state, that is without any post-HIPping heat treatment.

日本語訳

要約EUROFER97は、従来のT91合金(9Cr–1Mo–0.2V–0.08Nb)をモデルとした9CrWVTa低放射化フェライト・マルテンサイト(RAFM)鋼であり、T91中の元素のうち、核融合中性子スペクトル中で長半減期の高エネルギー放射線放出体に核変換される元素の一部が、他の元素に選択的に置換されている(WがMoを、TaがNbを置換している)。このような置換は機械的特性に影響を与えないが、低放射化の観点からは有益である。原子力用途向けフェライト/マルテンサイト鋼の最新の開発は、靭性、強度、高温特性の最適な組み合わせを達成するために、微細な旧オーステナイト粒と少数の介在物を有する微細組織へと向かっている。一方、より高い運転温度は発電炉の効率向上につながる可能性があり、酸化物分散強化(ODS)は、満足のいく機械的特性を維持しつつ、RAFM鋼の運転温度を550°Cから約625°Cまで引き上げる可能性を提供する。SCK-CENでは、2種類のODS版EUROFER97について、引張試験および計装化KLSTシャルピー試験による機械的特性評価が実施された。異なる重量パーセントのY2O3(0.3%および0.5%)を含有するこれら2つの合金は、HIP処理後の熱処理を施さない「as-HIPped」状態で、2方向について特性評価が行われた。

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Reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel
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