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Numerical modeling of tokamak breakdown phase driven by pure Ohmic heating under ideal conditions

Wei Jiang, Yanli Peng, Ya Zhang, Giovanni Lapenta2016年被引用 25Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

We have simulated tokamak breakdown phase driven by pure Ohmic heating with implicit particle in cell/Monte Carlo collision (PIC/MCC) method. We have found two modes can be differentiated. When performing breakdown at low initial gas pressure, we find that it works at lower density and current, but higher temperature, and requires lower heating power, compared to when having a high initial pressure. Further, two stages can be distinguished during the avalanche process. One is the fast avalanche stage, in which the plasma is heated by induced toroidal electric field. The other is the slow avalanche stage, which begins when the plasma density reaches 1015 m−3. It has been shown that ions are mainly heated by ambipolar field and become stochastic in the velocity distribution. However, when the induced electric field is low, there exists a transition phase between the two stages. Our model simulates the breakdown and early hydrogen burn-through under ideal conditions during tokamak start-up. It adopted fewer assumptions, and can give an idealized range of operative parameters for Ohmic start-up. Qualitatively, the results agree well with certain experimental observations.

日本語訳

我々は、陰的粒子インセル/モンテカルロ衝突(PIC/MCC)法を用いて、純粋なオーミック加熱によって駆動されるトカマクのブレークダウン位相をシミュレーションした。2つのモードが区別できることを見出した。低い初期ガス圧でブレークダウンを行う場合、高い初期圧力の場合と比較して、より低い密度と電流、しかしより高い温度で動作し、より低い加熱電力を必要とすることが分かった。さらに、アバランシェ過程において2つの段階を区別できる。1つは高速アバランシェ段階であり、この段階ではプラズマは誘導トロイダル電場によって加熱される。もう1つは低速アバランシェ段階であり、これはプラズマ密度が1015 m−3に達したときに始まる。イオンは主に両極性電場によって加熱され、速度分布において確率的になることが示されている。しかしながら、誘導電場が低い場合、2つの段階の間に遷移位相が存在する。我々のモデルは、トカマク立ち上げ中の理想条件下でのブレークダウンと初期水素燃焼貫通をシミュレーションする。これはより少ない仮定を採用しており、オーミック立ち上げのための理想的な動作パラメータ範囲を与えることができる。定性的には、結果は特定の実験的観測とよく一致する。

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