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Ballistic model of recycling of atomic and molecular hydrogen and its application to the ITER main chamber

A B Kukushkin, A S Kukushkin, V S Lisitsa, V S Neverov, A A Pshenov, V A Shurygin2021年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

A simple, computationally efficient 1D model is suggested for the recycling of atomic and molecular hydrogen between the main chamber first wall (FW) of a tokamak and the peripheral plasma. The model is based on iteratively solving the kinetic equation for the 1D velocity distribution function (VDF) of hydrogen neutral atoms in the projection of velocity on the direction normal to the FW. The model results in a fast-converging routine due to the domination of the contribution to the VDF from long-distance, ballistic flights of the neutral atoms produced by the charge exchange of colder atoms with hotter plasma ions. The proposed modification of the ballistic model (BM) enhances its original version along the following lines: the account of the inelastic reflections of the neutral atoms from the wall; parameterisation of the boundary condition for the VDF of the atoms produced by the reflection of ions from the wall with immediate recombination, without capture in the wall and thermalisation there; extension to a mixture of hydrogen isotopes; elaboration of algorithms for speeding up computation on graphical processing units. The complete set of equations of the BM is published for the first time. The model is verified by comparison with the EIRENE code simulations of the VDF of neutral atoms and molecules in the scrape-off-layer around mid-plane for typical conditions of ITER operation. The applicability of the BM to the synthetic diagnostics developed for the H-alpha high-resolution spectroscopy is demonstrated. That is, the simple 1D model reproduces reasonably well the 1D projection of the data computed with the 3D Monte-Carlo code on a 2D plasma background.

日本語訳

トカマクの主壁(FW)と周辺プラズマの間における水素原子・分子のリサイクリングに対して、単純で計算効率の高い1次元モデルを提案する。本モデルは、壁に垂直な方向の射影における水素中性原子の1次元速度分布関数(VDF)に対する運動論方程式を反復的に解くことに基づく。このモデルは、より低温の原子と高温のイオンとの荷電交換によって生成された中性原子の長距離弾道飛行がVDFへの支配的な寄与となることにより、高速な収束を示す。提案する弾道モデル(BM)の改良版は、以下の点で元のモデルを拡張する:壁からの原子の非弾性反射の考慮;イオンが壁で即時再結合し、壁内での捕捉や熱化を経ずに反射されて生成される原子に対する境界条件のパラメータ化;水素同位体混合物への拡張;グラフィカル処理ユニット(GPU)上での計算を高速化するアルゴリズムの改良。BMの全方程式系を初めて完全に提示する。本モデルは、ITER運転条件における周辺領域(スクレイプオフ層)の典型的な条件下で、中性原子・分子のVDFに関するEIRENEコードシミュレーションとの比較により検証する。さらに、Hα高分解能分光法のために開発された合成診断へのBMの適用可能性を示す。すなわち、この単純な1次元モデルは、2次元プラズマ背景上で3次元モンテカルロコードにより計算されたデータの1次元射影を良好に再現する。

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