A possibility of applying a compact radiation dosimetry system to burning plasma machines, such as detecting high energy neutrons and gamma-rays with a wide dynamic range at elevated temperatures, has been studied, utilizing radiation resistant optical fibres and radioluminescence (radiation-induced luminescence) materials. Appropriate radioluminescence materials were found for dosimetry of each radiation field, namely, gamma-rays and neutrons. Especially, a high-energy neutron detection system utilizing optical fibres and radioluminescence materials will have several advantages, such as being compact and robust, and can be a strong candidate for diagnostics of fusion neutrons in a burning plasma machine.