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Breakdown of helium in a stellarator by large-amplitude magnetic pumping

John M. Dawson, Carl R. Oberman, Russell M. Kulsrud1963年被引用 2Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

A Monte Carlo method was used to investigate the early stages of ionization of neutral helium, as produced by large-amplitude magnetic pumping in a stellarator. The competing processes considered were ionization, excitation, elastic scattering and electron diffusion in and out of the pumping region. The e-folding time τe for the electron density was computed for various values of the modulation M (ratio of pumping field to static confining field), mirror ratio R (ratio of the static field in the tube to its value in the pumping region) and neutral density n0. Other pertinent parameters were the pumping frequency ν, length of pumping region l, the remaining machine length L. These were for the most part confined to values concordant with those of the B-2 stellarator (ν = 200 kHz, l = 50 cm, L = 500 cm).It was found for values of M > 0.7, that τe varied roughly as (1—M)−l. The dependence on R and n0 was slight. In addition it was found that when the average number of inelastic collisions is greater (less) than one during a pumping cycle, the electron temperature is less (greater) than the ionization energy. A phenomenological theory based on the results of these calculations agrees with the observed modulation required for breakdown in B-2.

日本語訳

モンテカルロ法を用いて、ステラレーターにおける大振幅磁気ポンピングによって生成される中性ヘリウムの電離の初期段階を調べた。考慮した競合過程は、電離、励起、弾性散乱、およびポンピング領域内外への電子拡散である。電子密度のe-フォールディング時間τeを、変調度M(ポンピング磁場と静的な閉じ込め磁場の比)、ミラー比R(管内の静磁場とポンピング領域での値の比)、および中性粒子密度n0のさまざまな値に対して計算した。他の関連パラメータは、ポンピング周波数ν、ポンピング領域の長さl、残りの装置長Lであった。これらは、ほとんどの場合、B-2ステラレーターの値(ν = 200 kHz、l = 50 cm、L = 500 cm)と一致する値に限定された。M > 0.7の値に対して、τeはおおよそ(1—M)−lのように変化することが見出された。Rとn0への依存はわずかであった。さらに、ポンピング周期中に非弾性衝突の平均回数が1より大きい(小さい)場合、電子温度は電離エネルギーより低い(高い)ことが見出された。これらの計算結果に基づく現象論的理論は、B-2における絶縁破壊に必要な観測された変調度と一致する。

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