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Low temperature plasma synthesis of silicon nanocrystals: a strategy for high deposition rate and efficient polymorphous and microcrystalline solar cells

P Roca i Cabarrocas, Y Djeridane, Th Nguyen-Tran, E V Johnson, A Abramov, Q Zhang2008年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

It is generally accepted that increasing the deposition rate of amorphous (a-Si : H) and microcrystalline (μc-Si : H) thin films grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition leads to a deterioration in the films' properties. This 'common sense' rule places an upper limit on the deposition rate for a given film quality and thus on photovoltaic device efficiency. While this applies to a-Si : H and μc-Si : H films produced by the dissociation of silane and grown via the 'radical path', we have found that it is possible to increase the deposition rate and still improve or maintain film properties when the deposition process involves not only radicals but also silicon nanocrystals produced in the plasma. This will be illustrated in the case of polymorphous (pm-Si : H) and microcrystalline (μc-Si : H) materials and solar cells. The transfer of these processes from small area reactors to industrial ones is an exciting challenge for the low pressure plasma community, and one whose solution will open a route to lower cost photovoltaics in particular and large area electronics in general.

日本語訳

非晶質(a-Si:H)および微結晶(μc-Si:H)薄膜をプラズマ励起化学気相成長法で堆積する際、堆積速度を増大させると膜質が劣化するというのが一般的に受け入れられている。この「常識的な」法則は、所与の膜質に対して堆積速度に上限を設けるものであり、したがって太陽電池の効率にも上限を設けることになる。この法則は、シランの解離と「ラジカル経路」を介して成長するa-Si:Hおよびμc-Si:H膜には当てはまるが、堆積プロセスがラジカルだけでなく、プラズマ中で生成されるシリコンナノ結晶も関与する場合には、堆積速度を増大させながら膜質を改善または維持することが可能であることを我々は見出した。このことは、多形(pm-Si:H)および微結晶(μc-Si:H)材料と太陽電池の場合に例証される。これらのプロセスを小面積の反応器から工業規模へと移行することは、低圧プラズマコミュニティにとって刺激的な課題であり、その解決は、特に太陽電池の低コスト化、一般的には大面積エレクトロニクスへの道を開くものである。

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